LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, 



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! UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ! 



AN OUTLINE HISTORY 



OF THE 



FOREIGN MISSIONS 



OF THE 



METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 





BY MRS. REV. WM. BIXBY, 

A. 



Of the Wyoming Conference. 



" The World is My Parish." 



SYRACUSE, N. Y. 
1876. 

T 



OF C0NG kEss 

Washington 






Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1876, by 



LAURA S. BIXJBY,/v. 



in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. 



DEDICATION. 



TO THE 



WOIAFS FOREIGN MISSIONARY SOCIETY, 

FOR WHOM IT WAS PREPARED, A^D THE 



FRIENDS OF MISSIONS GENERALLY, 

THIS LITTLE VOLUME IS DEDICATED 

BY THE AUTHOR. 



£0NT£NT£ 



Preface, ------ 5 

A Review, &c., ----- 9 

Africa, ------ n 

South America, - 48 

China, - ----- . 62 

Germany and Switzerland, - 82 

Scandinavia, ----- 86 

India, - - - - 92 

Bulgaria, ----- 130 

Italy, ------- 136 

Mexico, ------ 139 

Japan, - 142 

Conclusion, ----- 145 



pF^EfACE. 



For a number of years past I have felt an 
intense solicitude to see some volume that 
contained a connected account of the work 
of our Foreign Missions, but on enquiring 
of my ministerial and other friends, was 
told that they did not know of any that 
afforded the desired information. There 
were volumes descriptive of many of the 
different missions, but nothing that includ- 
ed the whole. There were also the yearly 
Reports, but few had taken the pains to 
preserve them. Having had access to the 
library of a valued friend recently, who had 
been more careful in this respect, I not only 
obtained them, but other volumes throwing 
light upon the subject. 

In the intervals of leisure attendant upon 



6 Preface. 

retiring from the duties of a pastor' s wife, 
while recuperating my wasting energies, I 
have collected and condensed the following 
facts in regard to our Foreign Missions. As 
my feelings became enlisted and my sym- 
pathy excited for missionaries and their 
work, the pages accumulated, until, on 
showing it to many of my friends, they 
said it ought to be published as a work of 
reference or hand-book of missions. I 
never before had any adequate conception 
of the difficulties to be encountered by our 
missionaries in the prosecution of their 
work until reading up to prepare it. If it 
shall as strangely warm the hearts of those 
who read it as it has done mine to prepare 
it, the interest in our mission-work may 
receive a new impetus. It is not to be 
taken up and glanced at, and thrown aside 
as too matter-of-fact and statistical, but 
to be read, and pondered, and prayed over, 
by those that have hitherto paid but little 
attention to the working of our missions. 
When such are informed of the patience, 



Preface. 7 

and sacrifice, and faith, required to over- 
come the prejudice, and bigotry, and in- 
tolerance with which our missionaries have 
to contend ere the conversion of a soul can 
be chronicled, they will no longer wonder 
that slow progress is reported, or as large 
appropriations made by the Board to carry 
on the work. 

Should it awaken a prayerful solicitude 
in those that have long been contributors to 
the cause of missions, a strong and abiding 
sympathy for missionaries, and an increase 
of their contributions, my labor will not 
have been in vain. 

I send it forth with all its imperfections, 
fervently hoping it may " accomplish the 
object whereunto it is sent." 

The Author. 



A REVIEW 

OR, 



OUTLINES OF OUR FOREIGN MISSIONS. 



I shall not attempt in this brief review to 
give a detailed account of the work of all 
our Foreign Missions, but simply some ac- 
count of their Providential rise and progress 
down to the present time. 

In the language of another, i ' our mis- 
sions have not originated in meetings called 
to consider propositions for their establish- 
ment or extension. They have all sprung 
up under the clearest indications of Provi- 
dence. They are offshoots from the life 
and conditions of the Church, and some of 
them strikingly marked by the hand of G-od. 



10 Foreign Missions. 

And as our Church here is emphatically 
the child of missions, she would prove un- 
worthy that origin, did she not continue 
to exhibit this feature of her character 
by sending the Gospel to the ' regions 
beyond.' " 




jAfp^ica. 



" As early as 1831, the Missionary Board 
had discussed the propriety of establishing 
a mission at the colony of Liberia on the 
western coast of Africa. This colony had 
been formed in 1816 by a few benevolent in- 
dividuals in the United States. 

"The design of its establishment was, to 
transport the free people of color in this 
country who were willing to emigrate to 
Africa, and give them protection in the en- 
joyment of all the rights of citizenship in a 
free country." 

' ' We shall not enter into any discussion in 
regard to this enterprise relative to any of 
its bearings — we have but one object in view, 
and that is to record the plans and labors of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church in the estab- 
lishment and prosecution of the missionary 
work in that wronged and deeply oppressed 
country. 



12 Foreign Missions. 

" The Young Men' s Missionary Society of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church in the city 
of New York, with a zeal and liberality wor- 
thy all praise, no sooner hejard of the open- 
ing in Africa for the labors of the Methodist 
missionary, than they promptly and unan- 
imously resolved to sustain it, and pledged 
the support of a missionary." 

" During the session of the General Con- 
ference of 1832, there might have been seen 
mingling with the members and people, a 
mild unassuming man who had recently 
been appointed missionary to Africa. It 
was the Rev. Melville B. Cox, of New Eng- 
land. 

" Brother Cummings of Philadelphia, took 
occasion to converse with him, and asked 
why he would go to Africa. ' Do you not 
know,' said Brother Cummings, 'that you 
cannot live long there?" To this Brother 
Cox replied, while his eye gleamed with un- 
earthly fire, 'I do not expect to live long 
there ; but I hope to live to get there ; and 
it is the hight of my ambition, and the 
brightest vision of my faith, to lay my bones 
in the soil of Africa. If I can only accom- 
plish this, I shall establish a connection be- 



Africa. 13 

tween Africa and the church at home that 
shall never be severed.' He sailed for his 
destined field of labor soon after his appoint- 
ment, and after a somewhat tedious voyage, 
arrived in Liberia early in the spring follow- 
ing. The Governor of the colony, Mr. Wil- 
liams, a member of the Methodist Church, 
gave him a cordial reception, and did all in 
his power to further the objects of the mis- 
sion." 

' ' Having consecrated his all upon the altar 
of missions, and full of zeal for the cause of 
God in Africa, he at once entered upon his 
work. While a thousand prayers went up 
daily from his native land to the God of mis- 
sions for his success, he sought by earnest 
pleading at the Divine throne, for himself 
the baptism of the Holy Spirit, and wisdom 
to guide him in his work. Nor did he seek 
in vain. A wonderful providence presided 
over the mission from its commencement. 

u Finding at Monrovia the premises of the 
Swiss missionaries vacated by their death, 
he contracted for their purchase ; and con- 
vening those who were members of the Meth- 
odist Church, and others friendly to the 
mission, he was received and accredited as 
their minister. 



14 Foreign Missions, 

"Articles of agreement were drawn up, 
by which the subscribers acknowledged the 
Methodist Episcopal Church in the United 
States as their parent Church, and resigned 
the then existing Churches of Liberia to the 
care of the missionary. The ' Articles of Re- 
ligion,' \ General Rules,' ' Moral Discipline,' 
and ' Temporal Economy,' were adopted, 
and the authority of the general Conference 
recognized in all its departments of govern- 
ment. 

"On the ninth of March he held a camp 
meeting at Caldwell, the first of the kind 
ever held in Africa, at which consultations 
were held with the brethren, and plans were 
devised for the establishment of missions at 
various points. In the month following, he 
opened a Sabbath-school consisting of seven- 
ty children." 

"The Rev. Messrs. Spaulding and Wright 
were appointed assistants to the mission, 
but before their arrival upon the shores of 
Africa, the fervent, sweet-spirited and de- 
voted Cox had passed into the Heavens. In 
the short space of four months he had lived 
to see the Church planted on a firm founda- 
tion in Africa — a corps of efficient native 



Africa, 15 

preachers around him — Sabbath Schools or- 
ganized, and plans adopted for the exten- 
sion of the Redeemer's kingdom into the 
territories of darkness. But his work was 
done. He had fulfilled the errand of his 
Master, and was immortal till that hour. 
To Af ric' s fiery blasts and fatal fevers he 
was impervious until his hour had come, 
and then the softest zephyr could waft him 
home." 

We may say of him as of all faithful 
heralds of the cross who have died in the 
Master's service : — 

" Servant of God, well done ! 

Rest from thy loved employ ; 
The battle's fought, the victory won — 
Enter thy Master's joy." 

u The successors of the sainted Cox — 
brothers Wright and Spaulding and their 
wives — were accompanied by one whose self- 
sacrificing devotion entitles her to more than 
a passing notice. I allude to Sophronia 
Farrington, the first unmarried female mis- 
sionary sent by our Society to Liberia." 

In looking over a letter received from her 
a few months since, in answer to my ques- 
tions in regard to this mission, she says : — 

"Ere the Methodist Church started a 



16 Foreign Missions, 

foreign mission in Africa, there seemed to 
be such a state of things as the messenger 
of the Lord described when he had been to 
and fro in the earth and returned exclaim- 
ing : 'The whole earth sitteth still.'' This 
state of things was so painful to me that I 
felt compelled to give myself to the Lord 
for work abroad, at the same time praying 
that he would open a foreign mission in the 
Methodist Episcopal Church, with a faith 
which amounted to an assurance that he 
would do it. With this faith I started for 
Boston to visit my friends early in 1832, 
where I waited till the way opened. 

" Soon after brother Cox's appointment, 
he came to Boston and made arrangements, 
then went on to Africa, where he bought a 
mission house and made ready for us, and 
wrote for us to go on. But the evening be- 
fore we started, we received intelligence of 
his death. Yet this did not shake my faith. 
I felt as he said, ' let a thousand fall before 
Africa be given up.' We arrived safely in 
Monrovia, January 1st, 1834, but ere four 
weeks had elapsed our dear Sister Wright 
was no more ; we had expected much help 
from her as she was well qualified to do good. 

" Soon a young Episcopalian who arrived 
in another ship about the time we did, took 
the fever and died, and eight missionaries 
in all, died within four months. Our super- 
intendent now resolved to return to America 
with his wife and a colored minister, and 



Africa. 17 

wished me to return with them, as he 
thought he must give up the mission. The 
doctor said we could never endure the cli- 
mate ; but I felt an assurance that God was 
for the mission, and said I could never see it 
given up. They all left, and I remained 
alone to trust in God ; but he sustained me 
until a new recruit came, and established the 
mission. 

" I taught a native school until my health 
failed so that I could not teach, and G-od 
seemed to say, ' stay thy hand and give way 
to the stronger ones who have arrived.' I 
now saw clearly that my work was to fill 
the vacancy and keep up the mission until 
the Southern help arrived as those who could 
endure the climate. I then returned with 
the Rev. Mr. Seys who was coming to Amer- 
ica for his family. After I had recovered 
my health here, I felt that my time was still 
the Lord's, and my all was consecrated to 
him. Blessed be his name. I believe he 
still owns me, and will soon say, ' come up 
higher.' " 

It w T as my good fortune to make the ac- 
quaintance of this devoted woman, the first 
year after I entered the itinerancy. The 
contrast was so great with me from a life of 
worldliness to a life of devotion, that, to- 
gether with the labors of my zealous hus- 
band, I thought we could soon persuade the 
3 



18 Foreign Missions. 

world to become reconciled to God, but when 
I thought of her devotion and sacrifices, I 
felt that I needed a fuller consecration to 
the great life work upon which I had just 
entered. 

I lost sight of her during the changeful 
Vicissitudes of the itinerant life, until with- 
in the past year, when I ascertained that she 
was residing in the city of Utica as Mrs. 
George Cone ; only waiting in her rose- 
embowered cottage, "till the shadows area 
little longer grown," ere she receives the 
welcome plaudit, "Well done good and 
faithful servant, enter thou into the joy of 
thy Lord." 

"Brothers Wright and Spaulding were 
cordially received, and entered upon their 
work, preaching the Gospel and administer- 
ing the ordinances. 

"At a general meeting, the Sunday-school 
association was formed entitled ' The Mon- 
rovia Sunday School Society,' auxiliary to 
the Sunday School Union of the Methodist 
Episcopal Church. Soon after the mission- 
aries organized an annual conference, con- 
sisting of thirteen members, which was de- 
nominated "The Liberia Annual Confer- 



Africa. 19 

ence." The Conference formed itself into a 
Temperance society. 

" In the midst of their labors the mission- 
aries were attacked with the African fever ; 
and Mrs. Wright after an illness of a few 
days, was released from toil and suffering, 
and entered into rest. It was but a short 
time ere the spirit of her husband joined her 
in the better land. He was a devoted friend 
to Africa, and labored with a quenchless 
zeal for the salvation of her people. His 
career was short, but like that of the faith- 
ful Cox, it was glorious. 

"The sickness and consequent debility of 
the Rev. Mr. Spaulding and lady, were such 
that it was deemed proper for them to re- 
turn to the United States, and seek if possi- 
ble by a change of climate a restoration to 
health. It was then the devoted and self- 
sacrificing Miss Farrington remained alone, 
as a light to cheer the gloom, and thus 
formed the connecting link in the history of 
this mission." 

u In 1834, the Rev. John Seys was ap- 
pointed superintendent of this mission. He 
soon after embarked for Africa, accom 
panied by the Rev. Francis Burns and 



20 Foreign Missions. 

Eunice Sharp, both Africans, the one a local 
preacher, the other a teacher. Upon his ar- 
rival in Liberia he was cheered by the pros- 
pect around him. After holding quarterly 
meeting conference at Monrovia, he visited 
the churches at Millsburg, and Caldwell. 
He found seventy-seven members of the 
Church at Monrovia, eighteen at Millsburg, 
and forty-eight at Caldwell. 

" He established a school at New Georgia, 
where there was a society of thirty-six re- 
captured Africans. Another school at Edina 
of seventy-eight and a society of twenty- 
members ; another at Grand Bassa, where 
there were forty-three children, and a mem- 
bership of twenty. 

"In addition to the superintendent, there 
were reported in 1835, thirteen preachers, 
all colored, *and six school teachers." 

"This year the Rev. Mr. Seys returned to 
the United States, accompanied by the de- 
voted Miss Farrington. After remaining a 
few months, he again embarked for Liberia 
in company with the Rev. Squire Chase, 
and George Brown, a colored local preacher. 
"The report of this year is of the most 
cheering character. Almost every station 



Africa. 21 

was visited with a revival — the result of 
which was an accession to the Church in 
the colonies of one hundred and sixty, 
twenty of whom were native Africans. 
The whole number in society was as fol- 
lows : — In Monrovia, seventy-seven ; Mills- 
burg, eighteen ; Caldwell, forty-eight ; ISTew 
Georgia, thirty-six ; and Edina, twenty -five. 
The day and Sabbath schools, which had 
been established at all the stations, were 
accomplishing a vast amount of work." 

In 1836 the numbers in society were re- 
ported as three hundred and seventy -five in 
all the stations. Arrangements were made 
for the establishment of missions in the 
Condo country and at Bushrod Island. 

"The services of Dr. Goheen, as mission- 
ary physician/ were engaged in the year 
1837, and the following year he sailed for 
the mission, accompanied by two young 
ladies who had volunteered their services 
as teachers. 

"The numbers in society were reported 
as four hundred and eighteen. There were 
fifteen missionaries, one physician, seven 
school teachers, having charge of two hun- 
dred and twenty-one scholars, and six Sab- 



22 Foreign Missions. 

bath schools, with three hundred scholars. 
Four new missionary stations were selected, 
namely : Jack' s Town, Junk, Sinoe, and 
Boporo. Preparations were made for the 
establishment of an academy in which the 
higher branches of an English education 
should be taught." 

"The devoted Mrs. Williams sailed for 
this mission this year, (1837,) and soon after 

her arrival established an academy at Mills- 

1/ 

burg, to which she devoted herself most 
assiduously for nearly twenty years. 

"In 1838 an additional missionary and 
school teacher were sent over, and also a 
printer for the purpose of publishing a 
periodical. As soon as practicable a peri- 
odical was commenced, entitled 'Africa's 
Luminary,' printed by Mr. Jayne, and 
edited by Messrs. Seys and Goheen. 

"Mr. Burton, the principal of the acad- 
emy, rendered signal service to the mission 
by his literary labors. He was assisted by 
white and colored teachers. 

"In 1840 the school contained one hun- 
dred and forty scholars. 

"A manual labor school was established 
at White Plains, where instructions were 



Africa. 23 

given in the various agricultural and me- 
chanical branches. The mission stations in 
the interior towns were represented as in a 
flourishing condition." 

" In 1841, Mr. Burton, the principal of the 
academy in Monrovia, was called to enter 
into rest. Barton and Stocker had just en- 
tered into the portals before him. Though 
Africa had become, to our Church, a place 
of graves for her missionaries, it was not the 
grave of missions. The stations of those 
who had fallen were soon filled by kindred 
spirits, ready to toil, suffer, and die, in the 
Master's service.'' 

" In the year 1842, the Rev. Mr. Seys was 
obliged on account of ill health to return 
home. Rev. Messrs. Chase, Pingree and 
Brown were sent out as a reinforcement. 
The membership had increased to one thous- 
and. In the schools were six hundred chil- 
dren. There were fourteen churches, eight 
parsonages, an academy, and printing office. 
Distant tribes had sent deputations to the 
missions, asking for missionaries, and the 
establishment of schools. The cry came 
from every direction in the interior, ' come 
to our help, we want to hear your God- 
palaver.' " 



24 Foreign Missions. 

The minutes of 1843, report twenty preach- 
ers, all of whom were colored, except Messrs. 
Chase and Pingree. Mrs. Wilkins had es- 
tablished a school at Millsburg for native 
girls exclusively. 

"The Rev. Mr. Seys returned to the mis- 
sion this year, and entered into still more 
arduous labors than before. In addition to 
acting as superintendent, presiding elder, 
editor, &c, he took an excursion on foot 
into the interior, for the purpose of visiting 
the towns among the Goulah, Queah, and 
other tribes of western Africa. He estab- 
lished three new mission stations, appointed 
missionaries at them, and adopted plans for 
mission schools. 

"Among the thousands of missionaries 
scattered abroad in different parts of the 
world, none had more promising fields than 
our missionaries in Africa ; and yet the Board 
found it exceedingly difficult to furnish men 
for this interesting portion of the Master' s 
vineyard. 

"Notwithstanding the efficiency of the 
Rev. Mr. Seys, when he sent in his reports 
for the years 1844-5, he also resigned the 
superintendency of the mission in Liberia, 



Africa, 25 

with .the "deepest regret that his domestic 
circumstances required his resignation, and 
the most prayerful solicitude for its future 
success." 

"He was succeeded in 1845, by the Rev. 
J. B. Benham as superintendent, with the 
Rev. W. B. Williams as principal of Mon- 
rovia Seminary, and Rev. W. B. Hoyt, 
assistant missionary. They arrived with 
their families in December, and were warm- 
ly greeted by their brethren at the mission 
house. They had hardly addressed them- 
selves to the work, before intelligence was 
received of the capture of the slave ship 
Pons, of Philadelphia, with some nine hun- 
dred slaves on board. On the first day after 
her capture nineteen died ; and by the time 
she reached Monrovia, during a passage of 
fourteen days, the number had been reduced 
to seven hundred and fifty-six, and many of 
these in dying circumstances. 

"The slaver was visited by Rev. Messrs. 
Benham and Hoyt, Governor Roberts, Judge 
Benedict, and Dr. Lugenbeel, who beheld 
a scene of horror beyond the power of pen 
adequately to portray. 

"It now became the duty of Dr. Lugen- 



26 Foreign Missions. 

beel, United States agent for recaptured 
Africans, to provide for all these destitute 
and wretched beings, who, in the providence 
of God had been thrown upon the colony for 
support. 

u In making a distribution of them, he 
proposed to place a portion of them under 
the care of our mission, to be trained up 
under moral and religious influence, and 
educated for future usefulness. 

" Being without instruction from the 
Board, the superintendent felt himself at a 
loss how to act in the case. Unwilling, how- 
ever, to let so favorable an opportunity of 
filling up our mission-schools pass without 
improvement, and, at the same time hesi- 
tating to assume, without authority from 
the Board, so great a responsibility, he de- 
'termined to call a meeting of such members 
of the Liberia Conference as were accessible, 
for consultation and advice. 

"This meeting was held the same day the 
recaptured slaves were brought into Mon- 
rovia. It resulted in the passage of a reso- 
lution recommending the superintendent to 
take one hundred of them under the patron- 
age of the Missionary Society of the Meth- 



Africa. 27 

odist Episcopal Church. To assist in defray- 
ing the increased expenses which this new 
responsibility would occasion, a subscrip- 
tion was opened on the spot ; and, as an 
evidence of the deep interest felt by the mis- 
sionaries present the sum of one hundred 
and thirty-five dollars was pledged for this 
object. 

"A circular was immediately issued from 
the office of Africa? s Luminary in which 
all the thrilling facts were detailed, and a 
copy forthwith transmitted to the Board. 

"When this * circular,' as well as other 
thrilling facts and appeals were received, it 
produced a general sensation throughout 
the country. Two special meetings were 
gotten up in the city of New York, for the 
relief of the recaptured Africans ; one by 
the New York Colonization Society, and the 
other by our Board of Managers. The col- 
lection and pledges on the occasion includ- 
ing provisions and other articles, amounted 
to about thirteen hundred dollars. With 
the special object of meeting this emergency, 
donations in'money, provisions, and cloth- 
ing were also sent in from various parts of 
the country ; all indicating the deep and 



28 Foreign Missions. 

pervading interest felt for these rescued cap- 
tives. Accompanying these donations, in 
many instances, were letters expressive of 
their strong and cherished sympathy for the 
wretched sufferers, and the most earnest 
desire for their physical, mental, and moral 
culture. These tangible evidences of phil- 
anthropic and Christian zeal gave a new im- 
pulse to missionary effort in the Church, 
quite beyond what would have been imag- 
ined, when the devoted Cox first set foot on 
Afric's shores." 

"The superintendent's report for the year 
1845 does not contain anything of additional 
interest to that made the previous year by 
Rev. Mr. Seys. One hundred children of 
the slave ship Pons had been taken into the 
mission schools and families, and were pro- 
vided with food and clothing. 

"The health of Rev. Mr. Hoyt and his 
wife was such, in consequence of repeated 
attacks of the African fever, that it was 
deemed prudent for them to return to the 
States. 

"Miss Laura Brush and *Miss Lavina 
Johnson, whose health had been restored, 
sailed in the Liberia packet for Monrovia, 



Africa. 29 

to enter upon their work connected with the 
mission. 

"The annual report of the superintendent 
presents several encouraging aspects. The 
Conference Seminary was reported to be in 
a prosperous condition, notwithstanding it 
was again clad in mourning by the death of 
its estimable principal, Mr. Williams. 

"In consequence of ill health, the Rev. 
Mr. Benham was obliged to return to the 
United States in 1848. The annual report 
for the year contained the cheering intelli- 
gence that the cause of Christianty was 
steadily on the increase in the Republic. 
An addition of one-tenth had been made 
since the last report, and the work was ex- 
tending into the interior. The ' Liberia 
Conference Missionary Society ' was increas- 
ing in interest, and promised to be an effi- 
cient auxiliary in promoting the great object 
of sending the Gospel to the destitute." 

"In 1848 the Bishop, having charge of 
foreign missions, in view of the many diffi- 
culties connected with the supervision of 
the Liberia mission, such as the distance of 
the field, the great expense in reaching it, 
and the immense sacrifice of life consequent 
4 ' 



30 Foreign Missions. 

upon exposure to the malaria, in connection 
with the fact that there were colored min- 
isters there of sufficient numbers and talents 
to take charge of the entire work, divided 
the field into three districts, and appointed 
the following presiding elders, namely : J. 
W. Roberts for Monrovia, J. S. Payne for 
Bassa, and Francis Burns for Cape Palmas, 
the latter of whom was appointed to pre- 
side at the next annual Conference to be 
held at Bassa Cove in January, 1849." 

w ' More than a year elapsed after the re- 
turn of the Rev. Mr. Benham, before the 
Bishops could obtain such a man as they 
deemed suitable, with whom to supply this 
vacancy. The plan of districting the field, 
and appointing three presiding elders to ex- 
ercise a supervision over the interests of the 
mission, though a judicious arrangement, 
was not deemed sufficient to exclude the 
necessity of having a white superintendent 
in that field. Accordingly at as early a 
period during the year as was practicable, 
Bishop Morris selected for this responsible 
position, Rev. K S. Bastion, of the Illinois 
Annual Conference. He sailed on the first 
of August, and arrived at Monrovia in due 
season." 



Africa. 31 

The Rev. Francis Burns, who it mav be 
remembered was appointed to preside at the 
Conference of 1849, presented a very lucid 
account of the state of the work within the 
mission, as w r ell as among the " colonial set- 
tlements," and the natives within the juris- 
diction of the u Maryland Colony," but is 
entirely too long for insertion here. 

After the session of the Conference of 1850, 
the Rev. Mr. Bastion presented his report, 
in which his attention was early called to 
the Conference Seminary at Monrovia, and 
the missionary day-schools throughout the 
Conference. He says : " Immediately upon 
arriving at Monrovia, the painful informa- 
tion was gained, that excepting the Sabbath 
school our denomination was wholly desti- 
tute of any kind of school either for natives 
or citizens, in Monrovia the capital of the 
Republic." 

After walking up to the location of the 
Seminary, and finding it in such ruinous 

decav that it would have fallen to the 

*/ 

ground but for the external support, he 
says, ' ' I looked upon this extensive mission, 
thus destitute of central educational power, 
as being in one general and important sense, 



32 Foreign Missions. 

like a great body without a heart ;" and asks 
from what source our schools in all the mis- 
sion and Republic were to be supplied with 
teachers? But knowing that it was utterly 
impossible for America to furnish an ad- 
equate number of teachers and ministers, 
he came to the conclusion u that the general, 
and common, and ultimately the native 
su PPly must be colored men. Every con- 
sideration urged, that every country, to 
meet its own necessities, must raise up its 
own teachers and ministers ; and in view of 
what had been accomplished by the Liberia 
Conference Seminary, it was thought advis- 
able to commence the work of rebuilding 
the Seminary at once." 

" After making their estimate, it was be- 
lieved that five thousand dollars would be 
sufficient for its erection and completion, but 
it was afterwards found that the entire 
expense of erecting and completely furnish- 
ing the building, according to the detailed 
plan forwarded to Dr. Durbin from London, 
would cost eight thousand three hundred 
dollars ; and the question presented itself — 
from what source was this money to be 
obtained % 



Africa. 33 

"It was first ascertained that from the 
statements of accounts of the appropriation 
for 1849, at least two thousand dollars 
would remain unused at the end of the 
year. Strict examination was made into 
every expenditure of the mission ; some 
were found to be wholly unnecessary, and 
others entirely unproductive. For reasons 
which are given in the special account of 
that field, Golah was unsupplied for one 
year. From one thousand to twelve hun- 
dred dollars rfiore were at once made avail- 
able from this source alone. By stopping 
the printing of the Luminary for one year, 
another thousand was gained. 

"The missionaries were willing to do with 
less expense for repairs, and a smaller sum 
than usual would suffice for incidental ex- 
penses. 

"By placing several of the boys at man- 
ual labor, they were enabled wholly or par- 
tially to earn their own support. And the 
people of Liberia and members of the Con- 
ference subscribed nearly another thousand. 
In a word,- the people generally and all the 
members of the Conference, with the teach- 
ers, were greatly in favor of the work ; and 



34 Foreign Missions. 

many personal sacrifices were made that 
this greater, more permanent and general 
interest might be promoted. Hence, it was 
believed there was ground for confidence 
and action at once, without the assumption 
of unwarrantable responsibility." 

They accordingly contracted for the build- 
ing of the Seminary, which was to be com- 
pleted by January 1st, 1851. At the conclu- 
sion of the report the Rev. Mr. Bastion gives 
a description of the mission property at 
Monrovia. He says, " there is one mission 
house or parsonage, valued at $2,500. The 
printing office, which is also used as a chapel, 
valued at $500, and the Seminary which has 
recently been completed, including the two 
lots upon which it stands, at $12,000." 

We have not room for the report entire, 
neither for that of the extension of the mis- 
sion, or the station of the preachers. 

From the report of 1852 we gather that 
the mission is in a healthy condition, and 
has increased somewhat in strength and 
action. 

"Last year there were two hundred and 
seventy four members, this year eleven hun- 
dred and thirty — an increase of fifty-six ; 



Africa. 35 

last year there were one hundred and twelve 
probationers, this year one hundred and 
twenty-seven — increase fifteen. The contri- 
butions within the mission for the support 
of the ministry, but principally for building 
and repairing churches, have been between 
$1,600 and $2,000. 

Stations of Peeachees foe 1852. 
Monrovia District, — E. Burns, P. E. 

Millsburg, White Piains and Upper Cald- 
well Circuit — Amos Herring and Othello 
Richards. 

Robertsville and Heddington Circuit — 
James Byrd. 

Low^er Caldwell and New Georgia Circuit 
—Daniel Ware and W. F. Tyler. 

Monrovia and the Seminary — F. Burns, 
one to be supplied. 

Mission to natives in and near Monrovia — 
H. B. Mathews and H. H. Whitfield. 

Cape Mount Mission — A. D, Williams. 

Bassa District, — A. L. Payne, P. E. 

Bassa and Lanesborough Circuit — A. L. 
Payne, preacher in charge, with J-. L. Mor- 
ris and S. J. Matthews. Marshall, Grloster 
Simpson. 

New Cess Mission — J. W. Harland. 

Cape Palmas District. 
Mount Emory and Cape Palmas Circuit — 
A. F. Russell and Joseph Gr. Thompson. 



36 Foreign Missions. 

Davis Town and Giilibo — One to be sup- 
plied. 

Barraka — One to be supplied. 

Sinoe and Readsville Circuit — B. R. Wil- 
son and E. D. Taylor. 

John W. Roberts at his own request ab- 
sent by leave of Conference. 

Plato Hull, left without appointment on 
account of ill health. 

The condition of the Liberia Mission in 
1855, is reported as being, "twenty-two 
ministers, of whom four are supernumer- 
aries, one absent on a visit to the United 
States, and twenty-three teachers of semin- 
aries and common schools. The internal 
condition of the mission is satisfactory. 
There has been an increase in the member- 
ship, and an extension of the mission. The 
native brethren have contributed work and 
materials for building churches, parsonages 
and school houses, and seven hundred and 
forty dollars and eighty seven cents have 
been raised for missions. The Board are 
desirous .that the Churches should begin to 
look towards self-support." 

"The statistics of 1856, report nineteen as 
missionary force, and five teachers in Mon- 
rovia Seminary and Millsburg Female Acad- 
emy, besides twenty or more teachers of 



Africa. 37 

common schools on the mission. Four were 
removed by death, viz.: Rev. Daniel Ware, 
Rev. James Byrd, Miss Maria E. B. Stanton 
and Rev. W. P. Montgomery. The real 
progress is seen in the number of native 
converts in the church ; the amount in cash 
and in work' the people themselves have 
raised for churches and parsonages ; the 
number of Sunday schools, teachers, scholars 
and Bible classes ; the deputations sent from 
adjoining towns for teachers and ministers ; 
as well as the testimony of strangers." 

The Rev. Mr. Seys visited the mission this 
year and found many works of improve- 
ment. An examination of the scholars of 
the lower department of the academy was 
held, which was very satisfactory. 

"In the report of 1857, we find that the 
Rev. J. L. Morris died in great peace, also 
Mrs. Wilkins of precious memory, and left 
her female boarding school as a legacy to 
Miss Kilpatrick. Rev. J. W. Home, A. 
M., Principal of Monrovia Seminary, was 
granted a release from his work in Liberia 
on account of his health and returned to the 
United States." 

u For several years past, under instruc- 



38 Foreign Missions. 

tions from the Board and bishops, the mis- 
sions in Africa have been gradually assum- 
ing internally the form and order of admin- 
istration of the churches at home. We refer 
particularly to their own efforts to make 
their contributions in their several churches 
the ground of support of their pastors, and 
to look to the Missionary Society for what 
was necessary over and above this. And 
that the church at home may be advised 
that our brethren in Africa have done some- 
thing to help themselves, we refer to the fact 
that in 1856, up to > their conference, the 
various charges in the mission contributed 
in work $18,250, and in cash $7,146. The 
educational institutions were progressing 
finely, namely : The Manual Labor School 
at White Plains, and Miss Kilpatrick's Fe- 
male Boarding School which had been 
removed from Millsburg. The Monrovia 
Seminary, a large brick building in the town 
of Monrovia which was occupied by the Rev. 
Mr. Home as principal, was then occupied 
by a school under the care of Brother D. 
Ware. The new Seminary at Cape Palmas 
was among the best buildings in the Repub- 
lic, and could competent teachers have been 



Africa. 39 

secured would doubtless have accomplished 
much." 

' 'Another half yearly examination was 
held at Monrovia Seminary, which was even 
more satisfactory than that held the pre- 
vious yeai'r 

"Miss L. E. Hazard, who was educated 
at Wilbraham, was sent over to assist Miss 
Kilpatrick. 

"The Missionary Society have also had 
for some time two young men in course of 
collegiate education, from whom they expect 
good service in our seminaries in Liberia. 

"Thus the Church may see that the Mis- 
sionary Society has endeavored to promote 
the great interests of religion and education 
on the western coast of Africa, and spread 
the light of the glory of Gospel of God, into 
that dark domain of barbarism." 

"In the report for 1859, we find the Rev. 
S. J. Matthews Presiding Eider of Mon- 
rovia District, and preacher in charge of 
Monrovia Station ; John W. Roberts Pre- 
siding Elder of St. Paul's River District, 
and preacher in charge of Millsburg and 
White Plains; Grand Bassa District — W. 
H. Tyler Presiding Elder, and preacher in 
charge of Upper Buchanan. 



40 Foreign Missions. 

"Sinoe District — Joseph Gr. Thompson 
Presiding Elder, and preacher in charge of 
Greenville. Cape Paimas District— B. R. 
Wilson Presiding Elder, and preacher in 
charge of Mount Emery. 

"Total number of church members, 1,314 ; 
probationers, 184 ; local preachers, 26 ; Sun- 
day schools, 24 ; officers and teachers, 158 ; 
scholars, 847; volumes in library, 1,088." 

The following is a synopsis of the Annual 
Report of Bishop Burns, made out in 
1861 :— 

"We have seventeen effective men. Five 
were received during the session, and the 
same number placed on the superannuated 
list. Among those received on trial were 
two from native tribes, young men of good 
common education, and both of decided 
promise. One was Charles A. Pitman, a 
Queah, the other John C. Lowrie, a Grey bo. 
Two new and promising stations are being 
opened among the natives this year. 

u The societies are trying to help them- 
selves as follows : — 

Monrovia, for church repairs ... $366 

Support of pastor 262 

For the missionary cau^e among the natives, by indi- 
viduals 60 

Sabbath schools 25 



Africa. 41 

By the sisters for completing repairs inside the Church 16 
Watch-night offering 25 

Total for 1860 754 

" Members, 1,383, of this number 64 are 
natives ; probationers, 90 ; local preachers, 
36 ; Sunday schools, 23 ; officers and teach- 
ers, 151; scholars, 327." 

We have no report to which to refer until 
1872, except a very limited one from Bishop 
Roberts of 1869, in which he says : — 

"That from the growing piety in the 
Church a deeper and more wide-spread re- 
vival has occurred than was ever known be- 
fore in Liberia. At almost every point with- 
in the bounds of the Conference, the Lord 
has been gracious in the outpouring of the 
Holy Spirit, in quickening the societies, and 
in the conversion of souls, and the result has 
been, large accessions to the Church; and 
the work in all departments is marked with 
great peace and prosperity." 

' ' The following is a summary of the sta- 
tistics of the Conference for 1871 : — 

Members 2,065 

Deaths 65 

Probationers 174 

Local preachers 37 

Adults baptized 62 

Children " 89 

Parsonages 6 

Probable value $11,500 

Sabbath schools 25 

Officers and teachers 201 

Scholars 1,309 

5 



42 Foreign Mission . 

Day schools 15 

Scholars in day schools 450 

Volumes in libraries 1,127 

Collections for support of Gospel 783- 

u The following are the aDpointments for 
1872 :— 

Monrovia District, — P. Gross, P. E. 

Monrovia — H. E. Fuller, J. S. Payne and 
H. H. Whitfield, supernumeraries. 

Robertsport — L. S. Roberts. St. Paul's 
River — to be supplied. J. O. Moore and (X 
Richards, supernumeraries. 

Congo towns on St. Paul's River — H. B. 
Capehart. 

Millsburg and White Plains — Philip 
Gross. 

Queah Mission — Gr. J. Hargreaves. 

Arthington Mission — S. J. Campbell. 

Heddington and Robertsville — H. Ryan. 

Bassa District, — J. R. Moore, P. E. 

Bexby Circuit — W. P. Kennedy, Sr.,, 
Edina— J. R. Moore. 

Durbinville — W. P. Kennedy, Jun. 

Marshall and Mount Olive — J. H. Deputie r 
J. Gr. Thompson, supernumerary. 

Sinoe District, — Charles A. Pitman, P. E. 

Sinoe Mission — C. A. Pitman. Louisiana 
— J. M. Montgomery. 

Cape Palmas District — Mount Scott and 
Tubmantown — C. A. Harmon. Grebo Mis- 
sion — J. C. Lowrie. 

Soon after the Conference, the Rev. J. M. 
J. Montgomery died at his post." 



Africa. 43 

We close this description of our African 
work with quotations from the last session 
of the Liberia Annual Conference which met 
at Clay Ashland from January 27th to Feb- 
ruary 3d, Bishop Roberts presiding : — 

" Four young men were admitted on trial, 
but three of the noblest of the members of the 
Conference had fallen. One, a son of Bishop 
Roberts, in the twenty-sixth year of his age, 
of much education and promise. Another, 
Dr. J. H. Moore, a most eloquent man, with 
a vivid imagination that clothed his sermons 
with a startling and impressive power. 
Third, Othello Richards, a venerable man 
of seventy-six; a zealous, good preacher. 
The work of Africa is no wise changed since 
the last report. The same reasons both for 
discouragement and hope still exist." 

We cannot better represent the temper of 
the mission than by presenting the resolu- 
tions of the Conference on some of the most 
important matters. 

FIKST, OJST SABBATH SCHOOLS. 

Resolved, That we hail Sabbath schools as 
the most eif ectual means for the early train- 
ing of our youth, and inculcating upon their 
minds those grand and dignifying principles 
which enter into and characterize the Chris- 
tian code. 

Resolved, That in reference to the pres- 



44 Foreign Missions. 

ervation and transmission of civil and re- 
ligious institutions to posterity, we cannot 
hold Sabbath schools in too high estimation, 
nor devote too much of our best talent in 
their behalf. 

Resolved, That whereas the native element 
in our communities constitutes no mean 
proportion of our youth, we urge upon 
householders having the care of these youth 
the imperative necessity of sending them to 
the Sabbath schools. 

Resolved, That the several preachers and 
ministers of charges be required to organize 
and maintain a system of Sabbath-school 
teachers' meetings, which shall have for 
their object the adoption of the most feasi- 
ble system of instruction ; also the raising 
of funds for the purchase of books, peri- 
odicals, etc. 

Resolved, That among the most effective 
means to impress indelibly upon the mind 
of youth the wholesome lessons of Scripture, 
is that of lecturing to them in some familiar 
style adapted to their comprehension ; the 
lecture having for its basis some Scripture 
scene, largely illustrated and exhibited to 
their view. 

Resolved, That the Children's Day, (see 
Discipline, page 149, section 371,) be punctil- 
iously observed over all of our circuits and 
stations. 



Africa. 45 

SECOND, ON TEMPERANCE. 

Resolved, That the members of this Con- 
ference be required to strictly enforce the 
Discipline on the subject, both as to preach- 
ing on intemperance and seeing that none 
continue in our churches who persist in this 
sinful indulgence, which is the bane of our 
national and religious life. 

THIRD, ON THE EXTENSION OF THE WORK. 

Resolved, That the prevailing sentiment 
of this Conference is enlargement and ex- 
tension. 

Resolved, That the Liberia Annual Con- 
ference stand ready and anxious, awaiting 
the advance of the mother church in 
America to qualify her for this aggressive 
interior move. 

Resolved, That it is the sense of this 
Conference, that in order to an efficient and 
effectual move in this direction, there should 
be established and founded somewhere in 
Liberia an institution or institutions, having 
for their object the training of proper young 
men and youths as recruiting corps for the 
work, to be denominated "Missionary 
Training Institution for Interior Work." 

Resolved, That the presiding elders of the 
Liberia Annual Conference be constituted 
agents for the procurement of such young 
men and youths, either Americo-Liberians 
or natives, as students for said institutions. 



46 Foreign Missions. 

Resolved, That the broad scale upon 
which it is proposed to take the initiative 
steps interiorward, receives our endorse- 
ment and that, under the superintendency 
of a man qualified to represent the interest 
of the home or parent Church, such a work 
is destined to realize the accomplishment 
of vastly more than the most sanguine and 
hopeful have ever conceived. 

FOURTH, PRESENT STATE OF THE WORK. 

" The most interesting portion of the work 
in connection with this Conference is our 
native work — the work among the aborigines 
of the country. We regret exceedingly that 
we cannot report that degree of success 
which is so earnestly desired by the Con- 
ference. 

' ' W e regret that, for the want of means 
sufficient, our missionaries among the na- 
tives cannot do that amount of good, nor 
inspire that degree of energy and confidence 
which is requisite for success. We believe 
that our missionaries, with the limited 
means allowed them, are doing the best they 
can. That there should be furnished to the 
missionaries suitable houses both for resi- 
dence and worship — such as may command 
the respect of the natives.- Your committee, 
therefore, recommend the adoption of the 
following : — 

Resolved, That the Board is earnestly 
prayed to untie our hands, as above asked ; 



Africa. 47 

strengthen us, and send us forth as mission- 
aries in the nineteenth century, and then 
patiently wait for the results, which are the 
Lord' s. We have stations among the heathen 
occupied by strong men, live men, but they 
and their work are weakly sustained. 

LIBERIA MISSION CONFERENCE STATISTICS — 

EOR 1874. 

Probationers 140 

Full members 1,892 

Deaths : . . 49 

Loc.il Preachers 33 

Adults baptized 27 

Children " . 37 

Churches 24 

Probable value #10,960 

Parsonages 4 

Probable value $6,975 

For Conference claimants $582 

Number of schools - 25 

Officers and teachers 169 

Number of scholars . . 1,177 

We have occupied much time and space 
with Africa, but as it is our oldest Foreign 
Mission, of over forty years standing, it is 
a long period in which to make history. 
We could not well delineate the labors and 
sacrifices of its founders and those who have 
labored to bring it to its present standing 
without doing so. 



48 Foreign Missions. 



jSoiJTH ^JVIEF(ICA. 

Rounded in 1836, 



" The only mission of the Methodist Epis- 
copal Church in South America is on its 
south-east coast, and at the mouth of the 
Rio de la plata. Its stations include the 
capitals and the most important cities of the 
Argentine and Oriental Republics." 

"As early as 1832 the attention of our 
Church was called to this field, and three 
years later, the Missionary Board sent out 
the Rev. Fountain E. Pitts on a missionary 
tour, with instructions to make Rio de 
Janeiro and Buenos Ayres the chief points 
of observation. He also visited Monte- 
vide$>, and several places of less note. In 
all these cities he met with Englishmen and 
Americans, who received him with great 
cordiality. He held meetings in several 
places, and the representations made by 
him as the result of his tour, led to meas- 
ures of a more permanent character." 

"In 1835, the Rev. John Dempster was 



South America. 49 

appointed missionary to Buenos Ayres, and 
entered upon his mission with flattering suc- 
cess. 

"Soon after his arrival he hired a house 
as a preaching place ; where he discoursed 
to large and attentive congregations the 
words of life and salvation. Such an inter- 
est was awakened, and the congregation in- 
creased so extensively in numbers, that, on 
the authority of the Board, he purchased a 
lot of ground, on which to erect a church 
for their accommodation. 

" To accomplish this object he opened a 
subscription and received from the citizens, 
the sum of fifteen hundred dollars. 

"An appropriation of ten thousand dol- 
lars was made by the Board to carry out 
this object. 

"In 1837, the Rev. Justice Spaulding was 
appointed missionary to Rio de Janeiro. 
He was enabled to form a small society, and 
was also successful in organizing Sabbath 
schools for the religious instruction of youth. 

" Upon the urgent solicitations of the cit- 
izens, he opened a day school for the educa- 
tion of children of English and American 
citizens. The year following, the Board, 
finding from the representations of Mr. 
Spaulding that it was necessary, for the suc- 
cessful prosecution of the mission to have 
additional aid, requested of the Episcopacy 
the appointment of the Rev. Daniel Kidder 
as assistant missionary, and the Rev. R. 



50 Foreign Missions. 

W Murdy and lady as teachers. The zeal of 
the missionaries in preaching, and circulat- 
ing the scriptures, and their pastoral visita- 
tions excited the opposition of the Roman 
Catholic priesthood. But such opposition 
was anticipated. In a country where Ro- 
manism had promulgated its monstrous 
errors unrebuked and unexposed for cen- 
turies, it would be wonderful if when these 
absurdities were brought to light, they 
should not elicit opposition. 

"The mission at Buenos Ayres continued 
to prosper under the labors of Mr. Demp- 
ster. At his request, a graduate of the 
Wesleyan University was appointed as 
teacher for the mission, and a school was 
opened with flattering prospects. The 
Church edifice was progressing towards 
completion. 

" During the year 1838 he visited Monte- 
video, and had free and full conversation- 
with many of its citizens. He found there 
several American families who were anxious 
that a mission should be established among 
them. His request to the Board that a 
missionary should be sent there in the 
double capacity of minister and teacher was 
granted by the appointment of the Rev. 
Wm. H. ISTorris to the position. 

"In consequence of the death of Mrs. 
Kidder in 1840, the Rev. Mr. Kidder re- 
turned with his children to the United 
States, consequently Rio de Janerio was 
only supplied with Mr. Spaulding. 



South America. 51 

" The Rev. Mr. Norris cultivated his field 
at Montevideo with zeal and energy. The 
unsettled state of the country, growing out 
of its political relations, together with the 
almost inseparable prejudices, superstitions 
and intolerance of the Roman Catholic re- 
ligion, rendered South America compara- 
tively an unproductive field in a mission- 
ary point of view. 

"The most that the missionaries could 
hope to accomplish was the instruction of 
the children of the American and English 
residents, and preaching to their parents, 
together with the faithful distribution of 
Bibles, Testaments and tracts among those 
who were willing to receive them. 

" Under the circumstances the Board very 
wisely discontinued its appropriations made 
towards the erection of the Church which 
was in progress. 

' s The prospects of the mission growing 
darker and darker, and having little hope in 
regard to a change in the intolerant and irre- 
formable spirit of Romanism, in 1841 the 
Board recalled its missionaries, and the field 
was abandoned. The abandonment, how 
ever, of this interesting field, at this junc- 
tion, must be regarded as the following of 
the clearest indications of Providence, point- 
ing out to the Board the same policy which 
governed the Apostle, when, alter laboring 
zealously with his kindred and countrymen 
to the end that they mi'ght be induced to 



52 Foreign Missions. 

embrace the Gospel, and finding his toil 
comparatively useless, said, in behalf of 
himself and his co-laborers, 'You consider 
yourselves unworthy of eternal life. Lo we 
turn to the Gentiles.' The condition of that 
country is absolutely worse than heathen ; 
and the effort made for the salvation of 
its inhabitants, should be in proportion 
to their danger. It was not long after the 
return of the missionaries, until the foreign 
residents at Buenos Ayres, realizing their 
destitution of the ordinances of the Gospel, 
formed themselves into a society ' For 
the Promotion of Christian Worship,' 
and memorialized the Board on the subject 
of sending them a missionary to occupy the 
church made vacant bv the recall of Mr. 
Dempster. The society pledged itself to 
support the missionary by an appropriation 
annually, of one thousand dollars. The 
Board in view of these facts, recommended 
to the bishop having charge of foreign mis- 
sions to make an appointment, agreeably to 
their request ; and accordingly the Rev. Mr. 
Norris, formerly of Montevideo, was ap- 
pointed missionary to the station." 

" The native population being entirely in- 
accessible to the missionary, he devoted his 
time exclusively to the American and En- 
glish residents. The congregations were 
large and attentive and the Sabbath school 
was in a flourishing condition. The prayer 
and class meetings were numerously at- 



South America. 53 

ended, and everything connected with that 
church was interesting and prosperous. 
It being necessary for Mr. Norris to return 
to the United States the Board accepted his 
resignation, and the society passed resolu- 
tions highly commendatory of his zeal and 
ability, and expressive of regret at his being 
compelled to retire from the field of his 
labors. 

"They also asked from the Board the ap- 
pointment of a successor, which request was 
granted and the Board recommended such 
an appointment to the Bishop, who supplied 
his place with the Rev. D. D. Lore. He em- 
barked for the mission on the 20th of Sep- 
tember, 1847 ; and arrived there in December. 
He was cordially received by the friends of 
the mission, and immediately entered upon 
his work." 

In a letter dated July 23d, 1849, he men- 
tions receiving eighteen as the fruit of a 
revival then in progress. In another letter 
dated December 4th, the Sabbath school is 
represented as being in a flourishing con- 
dition, the class meeting manifestly improv- 
ing, and prospects generally growing 
brighter, and suggests the importance of 
extending the work into the country. In 
1851 he reports progress, and observes 
" that the mission to Buenos Ayres, has not 
drawn upon the treasury for any money 



54 Foreign Missions. 

during the past year, that its current ex- 
penses were met by the ' Society for the 
Promotion of Christian Worship.' " 

In a letter dated January 15th, 1852, he 
says : — 

" During the four years past of our min- 
istry here, we have received by letter, ten ; on 
probation, fifty-five ; these added to the 
twenty- one found on my arrival would make 
eighty-six, being an increase of forty-two. 
Two hundred and sixty-five Sunday school 
scholars, twenty-eight officers and teachers ; 
being an increase of one hundred and sixty- 
nine scholars and fifteen teachers ; baptized 
one hundred and six children and three 
adults ; married twenty-nine couple, and 
attended seventeen funerals. This mission 
is now fully able to sustain itself, and a 
little more. 

" We have this year remitted about $250 
to the Missionary Board, and expended 
more than $1,000 in repairs upon mission 
property, besides raising about $1,200 to- 
meet our current expenses. Surely this 
mission is not a failure." 

He was eminently successful in this field 
where he remained seven years, and when 
he returned, he left behind him " a memory 
of himself which has remained through all 
the subsequent years." 

As was said at the time of his lamented 



South America. 55 

death, " Dr. Lore's zeal in the cause of mis- 
sions always possessed him. It extended 
through the whole sphere of his interests, 
his motives, his labors, his affections, secur- 
ing to the broad and comprehensive purpose 
of Christ in the world, the consecration of 
his property, his strength, his influence, his 
family." And when he consecrated his 
cherished and accomplished daughter to her 
life-work in India, at the farewell missionary 
meeting, he observed "that he hoped the 
time would never arrive, when ? the mission- 
ary cause had not a representative in his 
family." 

u He was succeeded in the superinten- 
dency of the mission by the Eev. Gr. D. 
Carrow who proceeded to carry out Dr. 
Lore' s views of extending the mission into 
the surrounding country, which had been 
made possible by religious liberty having 
been established. The General Missionary 
Committee and Board having been informed 
of this state of the case, authorized the Rev. 
Thomas Carter to proceed without delay to 
Buenos Ayres to assist Brother Carrow in 
his arduous work." 

A few statistics will close this report of 
1855 :— 

April 1st, admitted to full membership 13 

October 3d 1 



56 Foreign Missions. 

Continued on trial 4 

Dropped for neglect of means of grace 5 

Withdrawn from classes and re-united according to 

original compact 2 

Removed to Scotland by certificate 2 

September 10th, received on probation 13 

Whole number 81 

Sunday school scholars 187 

CONTRIBUTIONS. 

To Treasury of Miss. Soc. of the M. E. Church, silver . .$1,000 

American Bible Society 35 

Sund. Fund of the Mission 90 

Domestic Poor Fund 85 

From the limited report of 1857, we gather 
that the Rev. Wm, Armstrong was sent to 
labor in the country around Buenos Ayres, 
and the Rev. Henry R. Nicholson to take 
charge of the mission school, organized and 
conducted by Rev. Mr. Carrow and wife. 
The Board also authorized the opening of 
the mission in Montevideo. 

"At the last report, the Rev. Mr. Carrow 
was superintendent of this mission, assisted 
by the Rev. Henry R. Nicholson. Owing 
to the ill health of Mrs. Carrow, Mr. Carrow 
asked to be relieved. The request was 
granted, and the Rev. Mr. Goodfellow sent 
to take his place. 

"The Rev. Mr. Armstrong was recalled, 
as the field he was to occupy was taken 
possession of in advance by the Scotch 
Church. As the school did not accomplish 
what was hoped for, the Board did noi feel 
justified in sending out a sufficient force of 



South America. 57 

teachers to execute the plan suggested by 
the Rev. Mr. Carrow. It was not thought 
advisable to endeavor to re-open the mission 
in Montevideo. The latest information from 
the mission represents it as quite as strong 
and efficient as at the date of the last 
report. 

"In the report of I860, we find that the 
mission in Buenos Ayres, notwithstanding 
the violent changes which the city and 
province had undergone, held on its way 
essentially accomplishing the great end for 
which it w r as established. The church and 
congregation support their pastor, and pay 
the current expenses of the church and 
parsonage, and the Board is at the expense 
of the voyages of the missionary and his 
family . ' ' 

The Rev. Mr. Groodfellow says : — 

" Financially we expect so to finish the 
year 1859 that all the current expenses of 
the church will be promptly met, and we 
shall be able to report for the Parent Mis- 
sionary Society about one dollar per mem- 
ber for this year. Our books show the 
names of fifty-six members, and eleven pro- 
bationers ; total, sixty-seven. The class and 
prayer meetings are well attend. The Sun- 
day school is large and interesting. To sum 
up in a line — there has occurred no interrup- 
tion to our peace, and the way of faith has 
been strewn with fulfillments of promise. 



58 Foreign Missions. 

"In the early part of 1869, the Rev. Wm. 
Goodfellow, D. D., who had been superin- 
tendent of the mission more than twelve 
years, found it necessary, on account of the 
declining health of both himself and wife, 
to be relieved from that service and return 
to the United States. Bishop Clark accord- 
ingly released him, and at the same time 
appointed the Rev. Henry G-. Jackson, 
pastor of the church at Buenos Ayres, to 
succeed him in the superintendency. 

"The Rev. Thomas B. Wood, A. M., was 
appointed to this mission, and sailed the 
early part of January, 1870." 

The superintendent in a letter dated 
November 16th, 1869, says : — 

" So far as the city of Buenos Ayres is 
concerned, our congregations are good, 
and the general interest and feeling quite 
encouraging. There are two Sabbath 
schools connected with the work, one 
English and one Spanish. One week ago 
last Sabbath I was at Montevideo (Rev. 
Dexter E. Clapp, United States Consul, oc- 
cupying the pulpit here) and preached in 
our chapel there. It was the first English 
service held in the chapel. The congrega- 
tion was small, but if service is held regularly 
there is no doubt but a good congregation 
can be gathered. At night, Brother Thomp- 
son preached to a congregation of more than 
two hundred people. The prospects in 
Montevideo are encouraging. 



South America. 59 

"In the report for 1872, Rev. Henry Q-. 
Jackson is superintendent and pastor of the 
English Church ; Rev. John F. Thompson, 
pastor of the Spanish charge in Montevideo ; 
Rev. Thomas B. Wood, pastor of the Span- 
ish charge in Rosario ; Rev. Jose Joachin 
Rial, pastor of the Spanish charge in Buenos 
Ayres. 

" u The General Missionary Committee, at 
its late meeting made provision for the ad- 
dition of a preacher in Spanish to the work 
at Buenos Ayres. The Woman's Foreign 
Missionary Society favored the mission with 
a small appropriation for a Bible Reader at 
Rosario. The missions in South America 
are regarded as presenting a prospect more 
than ordinarily encouraging. Most influ- 
ential persons.are cheering our workers with 
their approbation, and some of them have 
united with the church. 

" In the report for the year 1874, we find 
the same superintendent and pastors in 
charge, with the exception of Rev. J. J. 
Rial. There were two young ladies sent 
out by the Woman's Foreign Missionary 
Society, — Miss Lou B. Deming and Miss 
Jennie R. Chapin. For years the work was 
confined to the English speaking population 
in this part. Several attempts were made 
to extend it to the Spanish speaking resi- 
dents, but this was not finally accomplished 
until 1866, and now the work has spread to 
three principal districts — each of the utmost 



60 Foreign Missions. 

importance as centres of missionary opera- 
tions, and at each the work is carried on 
both in English and Spanish. 

"There seems to be a regeneration of the 
whole country now in progress, and our 
church is a recognized power for bringing 
about such a result. The days of anarchy 
and priest-craft, idleness and ignorance, are 
drawing to a close. At Buenos Ayres the 
English w r ork is self-supporting. Since the 
dedication of the new church, the work has 
given more promise than ever before. Never 
before have such opportunities for evangel- 
izing South America been presented to the 
church. Doors are opening on every hand 
and the entire field gives glorious signs of 
promise. It is demanded of the church that 
she put forth greater effort here. If we do, 
immediate results and great success are cer- 
tain. It is in contemplation to send out two 
young men during the present year. They 
will be a material accession to the w r orking 
force of the mission, but the times and work 
demand far more. 

"At Montevideo, Brother Thompson con- 
tinues to preach most powerfully against 
the corruptions of Catholicism. His work 
is telling mightily on the minds of the peo- 
ple, and he has succeeded in completely 
turning the tide of popular opinion. His 
sermons are re-published and favorably 
commented upon in Roman Catholic papers, 
and he preaches to large and intensely inter- 



South America. 61 

ested congregations. The influence of ooir 
missions cannot be over-estimated. 

"The Rev. T. B. Wood is at Rosario, one 
of the most important cities of the Argen- 
tine Republic. 

"The young ladies sent out by the 
Woman' s Foreign Missionary Society, have 
also entered upon their labors in connection 
with this station, and all are thoroughly in 
earnest about their work." 



62 Foreign Missions. 



£hijsa. 

ROUNDED IN 1847 



"The subject of establishing a Methodist 
mission in China was frequently brought be- 
fore the church, in her periodicals, and 
through the annual reports of the corres- 
ponding secretary, and elicited from time to 
time free and full discussion. 

" In 1846, propositions were made by sev- 
eral individuals, pledging subscriptions, 
annually towards the support of a mission 
to China. The succeeding year, so general 
had become the impression, that it was the 
duty of the church to engage in the enter- 
prise, the General Missionary Committee 
acting conjointly with the Board, deter- 
mined on the establishment of a mission in 
China as soon as suitable missionaries could 
be obtained." 

These presented themselves in the persons 
of the Rev. M. C. White and Rev. J. D. 
Collins, who were soon after appointed by 
the Bishop. 



China. 63 

"They embarked on the ship Heber, on 
the 15th of April, 1847, and arrived at Hong 
Kong on the 14th of August. After taking 
every thing connected with the mission 
under advisement and collecting all the in- 
formation possible from those best qualified 
to judge, concluded to open the mission at 
Fuh Chau, one of the five free ports which 
had recently become accessible, and entered 
upon the work." 

But ere one year had elapsed, the wife of 
the Rev. M. C. White was called to her 
eternal reward with no regrets that she had 
consecrated herself to the work of God in 
China. Her husband laid her mortal re- 
mains under the olive trees on a hillside 
overlooking the River Min, and addressed 
himself anew to the great work to which he 
had consecrated his life. 

u This mission was reinforced by the ap- 
pointment of the Rev. Henry Hickock and 
Rev. Robert S. Maclay, who embarked for 
their field of labor in October, 1847." 

The first report we have is from the pen 
of the superintendent, Rev. J. D. Collins, 
dated December 23d, 1851. He says : — 

' ' On our first arrival three years since, 
our first business was to secure a house." 

Then follows a description of the residence 
secured for the missionaries. 



64 Foreign Missions. 

" Soon after the commencement of the 
mission, a school for boys was opened, and 
two others were afterwards organized. More 
recently a school for girls was organized 
under the supervision of Mrs. Maclay. 

" Their first business was to acquire a 
knowledge of the language of every day 
life, with the prospect of its being a long 
time ere they would be able to discard 
books, studies and teachers. The morning 
was usually spent with them, and in the 
afternoon they preached, conversed and 
distributed tracts, filling up the intervals of 
time with other labor. 

"The Rev. Isaac Wiley, M. D., and lady, 
the Rev. J. Colder and lady, and Miss 
Seely, (afterwards united in marriage to 
Mr. White,) were sent to reinforce this mis- 
sion, March 19th, 1851. An appropriation 
of $10,000 was made in 1851-2." 

There are very few statistics connected 
with this mission's report of the year fol- 
lowing, as the superintendent, Rev. Mr. 
Collins, visited the United States on account 
of his health. The advices are all favorable, 
however, and we are informed of the plans 
and purposes of the mission. It will be seen 
from the report of the superintendent, Rev. 
R. S. Maclay : — 

"That the mission was reinforced by the 
arrival of the Rev. Erastus Wentworth, D. 



China. 65 

D., and the Rev. Otis Gibson, with their fam- 
ilies. The former arrived in June, and the lat- 
ter in August, 1855. Notwithstanding the 
reinforcement, the mission earnestly desired 
an additional mission family and three 
young ladies to serve in the mission schools, 
and asked permission to build a permanent 
church as the home of the mission, and 
around which it might spread in out stations. 
The Board and Bishop Waugh having been 
apprized of the views and wants of the mis- 
sion, authorized all their wants to be sup- 
plied as early as practicable. The chapel at 
Iong-Pau was opened three times a week, 
and the girls' school room once, for preach- 
ing. The congregation in the school room 
was composed of the scholars, teachers, ser- 
vants, and others more or less connected 
with the mission. In the chapel at Iong- 
Pau the congregation were of a floating, 
miscellaneous character. The doors of the 
chapel were thrown open as an invitation 
to come in, and generally the room was soon 
filled with people from their ordinary occu- 
pations, a portion of whom had their wares 
with them. They stood or sat until the 
preacher commenced, when if the preaching 
did not suit them, they expressed their dis- 
satisfaction aloud and took their leave. 
Others became interested in the discourse 
and remained through the services. Early 
in the year a room was rented in the Chong- 
seng ward, something more than $100 was 

7 



66 Foreign Missions. 

expended in fitting it up, and on the 24th 
of May, 1855, it was opened for the public 
preaching of the Gospel. The room seated 
fifty persons and was generally filled. Dur- 
ing the exercises, however, many persons 
left the chapel and others took their places, 
so that not unfrequently there were from 
eighty to a hundred persons present during 
the discourse. 

u The day schools — one for boys the other 
for girls — in connection with the mission, 
had been continued during the year. Con- 
siderable printing was done, two plots of 
ground were purchased, on one of which 
they intended building a permanent church. 

u One of the boys received by the mission 
to educate was withdrawn by his parents, 
the other was under Dr. Wentworth's 
charge, and promised much. Mrs. Went- 
worth was called to her final reward October 
2d, 1855." 

In the report dated September 26th, 1856,. 
the missionaries consider the year just clos- 
ing as having been one of unprecedented 
interest and prosperity as a mission. 

" The securing of a legal and perpetual 
title to nearly all the mission property, the 
erection of two substantial and beautiful 
churches, the enjoyment of a good degree 
of health, and the harmony of sentiment 
and feeling that existed, furnished occasion 
for profound gratitude. 



China. 67 

" They had printed fifteen hundred copies 
of 'Matthew's Gospel,' fifteen hundred of 
'John's,' one thousand of 'Romans,' one 
thousand epistles of 'Peter and John,' three 
thousand 'Two Friends,' two thousand ' San- 
€he-king,' (tract) and two thousand 'Hoh- 
eng-chu laung,' (tract). The new church 
edifice at Iong-Tau was dedicated on Sun- 
day, August 3d, 1856. 

' ' The Tieng- Ang Church was nearly com- 
pleted, towards which the foreign residents 
had contributed quite liberally. 

"On Sunday, June 14th, 1857, after 
nearly ten years of toil, the missionaries 
were permitted to baptize their first con- 
vert. They had organized a boarding school 
for boys since the last report, and continued 
the day school for boys, and also for girls. 
More was accomplished in the Publishing 
Department than any year which preceded 
It. A collision occurred between the English 
and Chinese authorities at Canton, and it 
was feared that it would lead to a general 
war. 

"They were disposed to consider them- 
selves a Missionary Society, and place the 
sums received to the credit of the Missionary 
Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, 
in account with the mission. The receipts 
amounted to $280. 

"October 14, 1858, the Rev. S. L. Baldwin 
and wife, and Miss Phebe Potter, Misses 
Beulah and Sarah Woolston, sailed to re- 



68 Foreign Missions. 

inforce this mission, where they arrived 
February 25, 1859. Miss Potter was after- 
wards united in marriage to the Rev. Dr. 
Wentworth." 

We have not the date of the appointment 

of the Rev. C. R. Martin, but find his name 

among the list of missionaries in the report 

of 1850, as follows : — 

MISSIONAKIES. 

Rev. R. S. Maclay, Superintendent. 
Rev. E. Wentworth, D. D., Rev. Otis Gibson, 

" S. L. Baldwin, " C. R. Martin. 

Mrs Henrietta C. Maclay. Assistant Missionary. 
" Phebe E. Wentworth, 
" Eliza C. Gibson, 
" Nellie M. Baldwin, 
Misses Beulah and Sallie H. Woolston, and four native 
helpers. 

We notice that the number of missionaries 
has been doubled by the reinforcement 
which reached Full Chau March 19th, 1859 ; 
that the native church membership has been 
almost quadrupled ; that a chapel has been, 
rented within the city wall ; and that two 
out stations have been established some 
fifteen miles from Full Chau. 

STATISTICS. 

Thirty-seven appointments in the regular work. 

Thirty-eight adults and nine infants baptized ; — total,, 
forty-seven. 

Three probationers dropped, and one church member 
died in the faith. 

Native membership, including probationers, forty-nine. 

Increase during the year, thirty-six ; — total, fifty-six. 



China. 69 

A new school house for the Boys' Boarding School was 
erected at an expense of $500. 

Number of boys in attendance, fourteen. 

" The small building occupied by the 
Boys' School was temporarily occupied as 
a Girls' Seminary. During the year an 
• Illustrated Elementary Reader ' in Chinese 
was engraved, a new Tune and Hymn Book, 
and the engraving of the Pentateuch fin- 
ished. 2,300 copies of the Sunday sheet 
were printed, 500 copies of the Pentateuch, 
(in one volume,) 510 Numbers, 510 Duter- 
onemy, 500 Illustrated Readers, 40 Acts, 
500 Matthew, and 50 Tune Hymn Books. 

1 fc Ten foundlings were admitted to the 
Foundling Asylum, of whom six were living 
at the time of the Asylum's report. The 
intention was, to erect a new building for 
the Asylum. The foreign community re- 
sponding quite liberally toward its sup- 
port." 

In the report of 1861, we find that for the 
first time in about six years, death has in- 
vaded the adult circle of our missionaries, 
and removed Mrs. Nellie M. Baldwin. She 
died at sea March 16th, 1861, on board the 
ship Nabob when four days out from New 
York. Her husband, Rev. S. L. Baldwin, 
who accompanied her, was absent from the 
mission a year or'more at this time. 

"The mission was reinforced this year by 
the arrival of Revs. Nathan Sites and R. S. 



70 Foreign Missions. 

Maclay and their families, and Rev. Mr. 

Binkly and wife were expected. Of the Boys' 

Boarding School the Rev. Otis Gibson was 

principal and Wong-Tai-Hung, Chinese 

teacher." 

Pupils 13 

Value of property including Brother Gibson's house.. $5 ,000 

THE BALTIMOBE FEMALE SEMINARY. 

Miss Beulah Woolston, principal. 

Miss Sallie H. Woolston, assistant. 

Wong-Kiu-Taih, Chinese teacher. 

Number ot pupils 8 

Value of lot and building $3,500 

An addition of a press and font of English 
type were received from New York, and a 
small font of Chinese type was being pre- 
pared at Hong Kong. A new edifice had 
been erected for the Foundling Asylum at a 
cost of $640. 
Number of foundlings 1£ 

Some circuits are also connected with city 
work. 

Total properly of the mission, real estate $24,550 

Personal property 1,005 

The report of 1862 chronicles six mis- 
sionaries, eight assistant missionaries and 
eleven native helpers. Of the city work in 
Fuh Chau they have two churches, one 
valued at $2,500 the other at $3,000, beside 
two small street chapels. 

Boys' Boarding School now temporarily 
supervised by Brother Martin. He says : — 



China. 71 

" The school has already shown itself a 
power for good. The want of a large ap- 
propriation is a source of regret, as we have 
had applications to receive more boys, but 
for want of funds they could not be re- 
ceived. 

' ' The ' Baltimore Female Seminary ' has 
seven additional pupils, making fifteen in all. 
The 'Ladies' Chinese Missionary Society, 
of Baltimore,' contributes largely to its 
support. But one of the puplis made a 
public profession of religion. She was 
baptized and received into the church with 
the name of Mary Marietta Irving, from the 
young ladies of the Irving Institute, at 
Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, by whom she 
is supported." 

PRINTING OFFICE. 

"This important branch of our mission 
is now in successful operation. The office is 
supplied with one of Hoe's Washington 
Presses, which works admirably ; also with 
a small font of three line diamond type in 
Chinese, a small font of English type for 
Anglo-Chinese text books, and the usual 
appliances of a printing establishment. 

"There has been printed in the office 1,000 
copies of a duodecimo tract of twenty-two 
pages, entitled 'Doctrines and Miracles,' 
5,000 copies of St. Matthew's Gospel, 500 
copies of St. John's Gospel, and 5,000 copies 
of St. Mark's Gospel. The work of trans- 
lating the Scriptures into Chinese is going 



72 Foreign Missions. 

on successfully, especially in the colloquial 
style." 

FOUNDLING ASYLUM. 

"Mrs. Martin and Mrs. Maclay have had 
charge of this institution during the year, 
and its beniticent operations have been at- 
tended with very satisfactory results. Ten 
foundlings were received during the year, 
and the entire number is eighteen. The 
Asylum receives a generous support from 
the resident foreign community, and from 
the Chinese. 

" The country work is moving on success- 
fully. Early in the past year the Rev. Dr. 
Wentworth was compelled by the protracted 
illness of Mrs. Wentworth to accompany 
her to the United States, and it was thought 
that in all probability he would never be 
able to resume his labors in that mission 
field. 

"Mrs. Gibson having become extremely 
feeble, so that a change was absolutely 
essential in her case, and as brother Gibson 
was also much exhausted, it was thought 
advisable for him to take his family on a 
trip to Japan. They accordingly started 
in June, and arrived in Yokohama about 
the 21st of July, where they spent nearly 
three months. 

"The Rev. S. L Baldwin, (who had mar- 
ried Miss Ettie E. German before leaving 
the United States,) and wife were expected 
about the 1st of October. The mission- 



China. 73 

aries are also paying much attention to 
the training of native helpers. The an- 
nual meeting of the mission for this year 
was held in the Tieng Ang Church, com- 
mencing Monday, September 29th, and clos- 
ing October 1st, 1862. 

In 1855, Bishop Thompson reports that 
"we have a missionary force of sixty-one, 
including native helpers, a missionary pro- 
perty worth thirty-six thousand dollars, a 
native membership of nine hundred and 
thirty-eight, a press which prints over two 
million pages a year, a foundling hospital, 
and schools both for boys and girls." 

The statistics for this mission for 1869 

are : — 

Missionaries 6 

Assistant Missionaries 5 

Native assistants 73 

Total Agents of Society 84 

Adults baptized 238 

Children baptized 65 

Total baptized , 303 

Members in full connection 658 

Probationers 776 

Baptized children 186 

Total membership and probationers 616 

Missionary contributions $280 

Boarding schools 2 

Pupils 44 

Day schools 11 

Pupils 163 

Sunday schools 37 

Pupils 709 

Value of mission property $52,190 

Number of pages printed 6,162,531 

Number of pages circulated , 4,108,354 

Number of Sunday congregations 60 



74 Foreign Missions. 

Average attendance 1,800 

Pages of books and tracts printed during the year . 6,162,531 

Mrs. Maclay and tlie Misses Woolston are 
in the United States. 

THE MISSION TRAINING SCHOOL. 

" Hereafter it is intended to receive into the 
school only those who feel called by the 
Holy Spirit to preach the G-ospel, and are 
duly recommended by the Quarterly Con- 
ference of the circuit where they live and by 
the missionary having charge of the circuit." 

GIRLS' BOARDING SCHOOL. 

" Mrs. Sites has charge of this school dur- 
ing the absence of the Misses Woolston in 
the United States. 

" Number of pupils, 28. Several of them 
were Christians, but some of them returned 
to heathen homes at the close of the sum- 
mer term." 

FOUNDLING ASYLUM. 

"Mrs. Sites has charge of this depart- 
ment of labor. The number of foundlings 
in the Asylum is five. 

"During the year thirteen have been 
transferred to the Girls' Boarding School, 
and one has died. The youngest of those 
remaining in the institution is four years 
old, and it was expected before the end of 
the year 1870, they would all be placed in 
the school." 

" Bishop Kingsly visited the mission this 
year and divided the work into three mis- 



China. 75 

sions. One at Foochow with Rev. Dr. 
Maclay as superintendent ; one at Kiukiang, 
with Rev. V, C. Hart as superintendent, 
and one at Pekin with Rev. L. N. Wheeler 
as superintendent. It was thpught that each 
of these missions ought to be strengthened 
by the addition of two men at once. Meas- 
ures were also initiated looking to self sup- 
port at the earliest practicable moment. In- 
stead of letting the different charges raise 
what they would, and then draw on the mis- 
sionary funds for the remainder, definite 
appropriations were made to each charge 
and the charge required to raise the remain- 
der, as in similar appropriations at home. 
By this arrangement it was thought the mis- 
sion would raise about five hundred dollars 
instead of three, as the previous year." 

Bishop Kingsley was very much encour- 
aged by the state of things in China, and 
hoped the men might be found for strength- 
ening the mission without delay. He did 
not think it advisable to form a China Con- 
ference, and all the brethren concurred 
with him. 

In the report of 1872, we find the "Rev. S. 
L. Baldwin, superintendent of the Foochow 
mission, and Revs. Nathan Sites, Franklin 
Ophlinger, Nathan J. Plumb, missionaries, 
assisted by Mrs. Ettie E. Baldwin, S. Moore 
Sites, Misses Beulah and Sarah Woolston, 



76 Foreign Missions, 

missionaries of the Woman's Foreign Mis- 
sionary Society. Native Preachers — Elders, 
4 ; deacons, 2 ; unordained, 20 ; supernum- 
eraries, 2 ; preachers on trial, 45." 

SITMMAKY OF STATISTICS. 

Missionaries in the field . . 4 

Assistant missionaries 2 

Miss, of the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society. . . 2 

Native preachers, past year 65 

Adults baptized 263 

Children baptized 75 

Total baptized 338 

Preachers on trial 45 

Probationers 700 

Baptized children 297 

Total members, probationers and children 2,102 

Increase 192 

Baltimore Female Academy pupils 28 

Sunday school scholars 869 

Number of pages printed .3,502,782 

Members in full connection 1,095 

Value of mission property $50,000 

The number ot girls in the Miss Woolston's school. . . 28 
Expenses during the year . $648.04 

Rev. Dr. Maclay, who so long and wisely 
superintended the work in China, was, by 
the unanimous action of the Bishops, trans- 
ferred to the mission in Japan. Bishop 
Wiley appointed the Rev. S. L. Baldwin to 
succeed Dr. Maclay. A very satisfactory 
appointment. The past year has marked 
a steady advance. 

Progress has also been made in the matter 
of self-support, one circuit having entirely 
supported their preacher, Brother Ting Mi 



\ 



China. 77 

Ai. Five day schools have been in opera- 
tion. Deaconesses have been employed in 
the different districts of the work during 
the year who were supported by the Wo- 
man' s Foreign Missionary Society. Brother 
Plumb has charge of the press^ and reports 
having published 3,502,782 pages. 

BIBLICAL INSTITUTE. 

By unanimous vote of the mission, it was 
decided "to reopen the school for the in- 
struction and training of suitable candidates 
for the office and work of the ministry, be- 
cause of the necessity of native preachers 
with more thorough biblical and disciplin- 
ary training. Rev. Brother Baldwin and 
family arrived previous to the annual meet- 
ing in November, and were welcomed to the 
missionary circle." 

We close this review of our mission work 
in China, with the report of 1874 : — 

China Missions. 

East China — Headquarters, Foochow. 

Commenced in 1847. 

MISSIONARIES. 

Rev. S. L. Baldwin, Sup't. Rev. N. J. Plumb, Sec'y. 
" Nathan Sites (in U. S. A.) " B. E. Edgell, 
" Franklin Ophlinger, " D. W. Chandler. 

ASSISTANT MISSIONARIES. 

Mrs. Ettie E. Baldwin, Mrs. Julia W. Plumb, 

" S.Moore Sites (in U.S.A.) " Louesa D. Edgell, 
Mrs. D. W. Chandler. 
8 



78 Foreign Missions, 



MISSIONARIES OF WOMAN'S FOREIGN MIS- 
SIONARY SOCIETY. 

Miss Beulah Woolston, Miss Sallie H. Woolston, 

Miss Sigourney Trask, M. D. 

Native preachers— elders 6 

Unordained preachers 18 

Deacons 6 

Preachers on trial , 37 

Supernumerary 1 

SUMMARY OF STATISTICS. 

Missionaries 6 

Assistant missionaries 5 

Missionaries of W. F. M. S 3 

Native preachers 68 

Total agents of the Society 82 

Adults baptized during the year 175 

Children baptized during the year 47 

Total baptisms during the year 222 

Members in full connection , . . . 1,089 

Probationers ' 629 

Baptized Children 325 

Total members, probationers and bap. children 2,053 

Increase over last year 132 

Biblical Institute, students 11 

Girls' Boarding School, pupils 28 

Girls' day schools (ten) about 150 

Sunday schools, scholars 737 

Number of pages printed 5,357,167 

Value of missionary property $50,000 

Central China — Founded in 1868. Head- 
quarters, Kiukiang. 

MISSIONARIES. 

Rev. Virgil C. Hart, Superintendent. 
Rev. Henry H. Hall, Rev. A. J. Cook, 

" Andrew Stritmatter, " John R. Hykes. 

ASSISTANT MISSIONARIES. 
Mrs. V. C. Hart, Mrs. H. H. Hall. 



China. 79 

MISSIONARIES OF WOMAN'S FOREIGN MIS- 
SIONARY SOCIETY. 

Miss Lucy H. Hoag, Miss Gertrude Howe, 

Miss Letitia Mascm, M. D. 

NATIVE ASSISTANTS. 

Chen Ch'en-Tso, Shi Tsa-Ru, Chao Hung Kw'ei. 

SUMMARY OF STATISTICS. 

Missionaries in the field 5 

Assistant missionaries 2 

Missionaries of W. F. M. Soc 3 

Native helpers 3 

Bible women 2 

Colporteurs . . . 1 

Chapel keepers 2 

Day school teachers 2 

Members in full con 25 

Probationers 26 

Baptized children 4 

Total members, prob. and bap. children 55 

Pupils in Girls' Boarding School 15 

Pupils in two day schools 30 

Pupils in Sunday school 40 

Mission property, two houses, prob. value $ 8,000.00 

two chapels, " 3,000.00 

" one lot and building 700.00 

Total value of mission property 11,700.00 

Collections for missionary society. . . 51.87 

Since the last report they have dedicated 
a new and commodious chapel in the very 
heart of the city of Kiukiang, where, twice 
each day, a large and willing audience col- 
lect to hear the story of the cross. 

' ' The health of Rev. H. H. Hall having im- 
proved by his sojourn at home, he returned 
with his wife and entered upon his former 
work in the mission. The efficiency of the 



80 Foreign Missions: 

mission has also been greatly augmented by 
the arrival of Miss Letitia Mason, M. D. ? of 
the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society." 

APPOINTMENTS OF THE WOMAN'S FOREIGN 

MISSIONARY SOCIETY. 

Kiukiang — Girls' Boarding School, Lucy H Hoag; 
Bible woman, Gertrude Howe; medical work, Letitia 
Mason, M. D.; two Bible readers, Mrs. Tang and Mrs. Shi, 
who had been very successful in their work. 

North China — Commenced in 1869. Head- 
quarters, PeJcin. 

MISSIONARIES. 

Rev. Hiram H. Lowry, Superintendent. 
Rev. George R. Davis, Rev. Wilbur F. Walker, 

" L.W.Pilcher, (in U.S.A.) " James H. Pyke, 
Sylvanus D. Harris. 

ASSISTANT MISSIONARIES. 

Mrs. P. E. Lowry, Mrs. W. F. Walker, 

" M. B. Davis, " J. H. Pyke, 

Mrs. T. L. Harris. 

MISSIONARIES OF WOMAN'S FOREIGN MIS- 
SIONARY SOCIETY. 
Miss Mary Q. Porter, Miss Lucinda L. Combs, M. D. 

STATISTICS. 

Missionaries 6 

Assistant missionaries 5 

Missionaries of W. F. M. Soc , . 2 

Total number ol missionaries IB 

Helpers 5 

Members in full connection 14 

Probationers 16 

Baptized children 2 

Total, members, prob. and bab. children 32 

Girls' Boarding School of W. F. M. Soc 1 

Day school for boys ' 2 

Total number of schools : . 3 

Number of pupils in schools. s 40 



China. 81 

Sabbath schools , 3 

Pupils in Sabbath schools 66 

Mission property, chapels 3 

Value of chapels $ 6,300 

Mission oremises at Pekin 2,000 

". atTeintsin 2,400 

Two parsonages at Pekin 6,000 

One parsonage at Tientsin. . 4,000 

Total value of property 20,700 

Property of W. F. M. Soc. at Pekin, prob. value. . . 3,000 
Girls Boarding Schoo', and religious instruction of 

Chinese women, Misses M. Brown and M. Q. 

Porter in charge, pupils ; 12 

MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. 

Miss Combs, M. D., who though she re- 
ports "that she had prescribed for three 
hundred and fourteen cases, and made 
nearly two hundred professional visits, con- 
cludes that the work is but just begun." 

"In China our work has seventeen mis- 
sionaries, twelve assistant missionaries, and 
eight missionaries sent out by the Woman' s 
Foreign Missionary Society, making a total 
of thirty- seven, in a country of three hun- 
dred and sixty millions of inhabitants. 

"There are about ten thousand native 
Christians in China. Two thousand of these 
are members of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church and have become followers of Christ 
during the last seventeen years. But the 
greatest triumph of our work does not con- 
sist in the number of accessions, but in the 
spiritual grovrth of the membership. The 
work progresses and the field continues to 
expand, but the band of native workers 
keeps pace with its development." 



82 Foreign Missions, 



•CjEHJVIANY AJSD jSwiT^EHLAND. 

POMMENCED IN 1849. 

"The mission to Germany was established 
in 1849. The first missionary, Rev. L. S. 
Jacoby, sailed from New York on the 20th 
of October, 1849, and reached Bremen on 
the 9th of November. He was directed to 
make that city and its harbor the centre of 
his labors, because it was the principal port 
of embarkation for the vast numbers of em- 
igrants from Germany to America. Six 
years from the establishment of this mission 
the superintendent reports that the work 
has spread over a great part of Germany, 
and entered that part of France where the 
German language was spoken. 

" One event of much importance occurred, 
namely : the building of the Tract House 
and Chapel in Bremen. Since that time the 
work has rested on a strong foundation. 
The house was built large enough to accom- 
modate the Book Concern therein, which 
had so increased its business that it was 
thought a large capital would be required. 
The work had spread to Hamburg, Frank- 
port-on-the-Main, Berlin, and many smaller 

Places." STATISTICS. 

Missionaries employed 18 



Germany and Switzerland, 83 

Sunday Schools 26 

Sunday School scholars 1,512 

Officers and teachers 127 

Books sold 13,568 

Members in churcb 596 

Probationers 44 

" Ten years from the commencement of 
this mission the work had extended into 
South Germany and Switzerland, and con- 
sisted of four districts and twenty - five 
appointments. A Mission Institute had 
been established at Bremen, the importance 
of which was everywhere acknowledged. 
The Evangelist, The German Christian 
Advocate, and Kinderfreund, (children' s 
paper,) had opened the hearts of the people, 
and the work was enlarging in every way. 

" Twenty years after the formation of this 
mission, the missions in Germany and Swit- 
zerland were organized into an Annual Con- 
ference," and though we have no corrected 
report, we gather that success was attending 
every branch. The Book Concern had 
printed bibles, books, tracts, and four peri- 
odicals. The Evangelist , Kinderfreund, Mis- 
sionary Collector, and Monthly Messenger. 
'Martin Mission Institute' was in every 
respect a success, and found great favor 
with the people who supported it as their 
means would allow. In some portions of 
the work where they were persecuted with 
fines and imprisonment, they had erected 
nice churches, in others, they were still per- 
secuted, though opening new preaching 
places.** 



>3 



84 Foreign Missions. 

STATISTICS FOE 1869. 

Members 5,396 

Probationers 1,560 

Local preachers 29 

Chapels 28 

Bible classes 528 

Parsonages 18 

Preaching places 321 

Sunday schools 161 

Officers 678 

Scholars , 7,434 

' ' By the Book of Discipline, the Germany 
and Switzerland Conference includes all the 
German-speaking work of our church in 
Germany, Switzerland and France, and the 
mission work is administered by the Con- 
ference in the same way as are missions 
within the bounds of Conferences in our own 
land. 

"An examination of the Report for 1872, 
shows an increase in nearly every feature of 
the work, namely, of 358 probationers and 
138 members, in value of church property 
$24,320, and in the Sunday school depart- 
ment of 22 schools, 65 officers and teachers 
and 855 scholars. Nearly $10,000 was raised 
towards self support." 

The Report of this Mission for 1874 

states : — 

"That there are now within the bounds 
of the Germany and Switzerland Conference 
7,022 members, and 1,899 probationers — 
making a total of 8,751, which is an advance 
of 408 upon the previous year. During the 
Conference year just closed were collected 



Germany and Switzerland. 85 

and disbursed $36,138 for self-support, an 
advance of $7,300, while the amount appro- 
priated to this work is but $26,000. The 
missionary collections of the Conference for 
the year amount to $852.43 in gold, worth 
about $950 to our treasury. The Book 
Concern is a very important evangelizing 
agency, and is in great prosperity ; — two 
steam presses are employed continually. 
We have published forty-four different 
works of various sizes, thirty-seven books 
for our Sunday schools, and forty two dif- 
ferent pamphlets. The sale of books for 
1873 amounted to 38,942 marks, and has 
been on the increase the present year. The 
Evangelist^ which is now published weekly, 
has about 9,000 subscribers. The first num- 
ber appeared May 21, 1850, edited and 
published by Dr. Jacoby. It was first pub- 
lished every two weeks ; but since 1873, 
weekly. The Kinderfreund* a Sunday 
school paper, was begun in the year 1852 ;— 
first as a monthly, then a semi-monthly, 
and now a weekly. It has now about 6,000 
subscribers, and costs only one mark — 
making it accessible to the poorest of our 
children in the Sunday schools. 

' i Both papers have been great auxiliaries 
to our work, for the adults as well as 
children. A missionary advocate, Missions- 
sammler, is published monthly, and has a 
circulation of more than 10,000. 

"The work generally is taking deeper 
root and advancing." 



86 Foreign Missions. 



jScaj^dijnavia. 



Rounded in 1854. 

"This mission, comprising Norway, Den- 
mark and Sweden, originated as did the 
German, by means of the emigration of the 
Germans, Norwegians, Danes and Swedes, 
who came to this country, not from religions 
impulses, but to improve their worldly con- 
dition ; yet having received the teachings 
of religion in their native lands, upon com- 
ing to America, many of them experienced 
the power of the Gospel unto the salvation 
of their souls ; and after they had experi- 
enced it, they wrote thousands of letters to 
their friends in their native lands. Some 
of them returned home and made known 
their clear and powerful religious experience 
to their people. The consequence was, re- 
quests for missionaries to be sent to them. 
In accordance with such a request, the Rev. 
O. P. Peterson was first sent to Norway in 
1854, with instructions to labor in Norway 
as opportunity offered. 

" He entered at once upon so good a work 



Scandinavia. 87 

among his brethren that he earnestly en- 
treated the Bishop having charge to send 
him a man of wisdom and experience as 
superintendent of his work. He did not 
attempt to form churches — only classes in 
private houses. His labors were attended 
with such a deep and powerful awakening 
in Norway, and Sweden also, that he was 
compelled to ask for help immediately. His 
work seemed to bear a striking analogy to 
early Methodism— both in its form and 
power. The Rev. C. Willerup was sent to 
superintend the work, and to these brethren 
Grod gave Peter Larsen, of Sweden, and two 
or three colporteurs were employed to aid 
in the work. The mission was soon formed 
into a regular church, and a sacred building 
erected in Sarpsborg. 

"Rev. O. P. Peterson was pastor at 
Sarpsborg, and Rev. C. Willerup had the 
general superintendence and special charge 
of the church at Frederickshald. 

" In 1861, the Rev. C. Willerup was super- 
intendent and S. A. Stansen, A. Cedarholm, 
E. Avesen, L. Doblong and J. P. Larsen, 
missionaries ; T. Schmidt, C. Johansen, col- 
porteurs, and M. Neilssen, helper. A good 
church at Copenhagen was thought to be 
necessary to the success of the missions, as 
they would then have a home, a capital and 
a fortress, from which could sound out the 
evangelical Gospel to waken the old State 
Churches. 



88 Foreign Missions. 

STATISTICS FOR 1861. 

Churches 4 

Members 807 

Class leaders 37 

Local Preachers 8 

Exhorters. . . Vd 

Sunday schools 5 

Sunday school teachers 14 

Children 167 

" The chief event of the year 1859 was, the 
division of Scandinavia into three superin- 
tendencies, namely, Denmark to Rev. C. 
Willerup, Norway to O. Peterson, and 
Sweden to V. Witting — which was consid- 
ered to be a very great improvement in the 
general supervision of the work. They had 
many difficulties to contend with, as the 
people were all members of the old school 
Lutheran State Church, by birth, baptism 
and confirmation ; and before they could 
join the Methodist Episcopal Church, they 
must personally appear before the State 
Church preacher, and declare their intention 
to leave said church, and get the preacher' s 
certificate to that effect. For this reason it 
was thought much of their labor would re- 
main in the Lutheran Church." 

They felt the necessity of having a day 
vschool for their own children and youth, 
where they could be instructed without 
heresies. Their future prospects were con- 
sidered good, but they needed more help. 

On consulting the Report for 1874, (just 



Scandinavia. 89 

twenty years since the formation of this 
mission,) we find that it has been crowned 
with great success. 

' ' In Denmark, during the last year, there 
was an advance in full membership of 195. 
Then they had twenty-seven preaching 
places, now they have thirty-five. One new 
church has been built during the year, and 
a cheering advance made in all the benevo- 
lent collections. The tract and missionary 
causes being nearly double, and $259.74 were 
raised for self support. They have twelve 
Sabbath schools containing 1,013 scholars. 
The work is carried on by seven mission- 
aries, aided by three local preachers, and 
two exhorters. The hindrances to any recog- 
nition by Government are all removed, and 
the superintendent upon taking his oath to 
obey the laws of Denmark, was authorized 
to perform the duties of a minister of the 
Gospel." 

' ' The work in Sweden is assuming wonder- 
ful proportions. The revival began with the 
year. It has prospered everywhere until 
nearly a thousand accessions to the church 
were gained as the result of a single year' s 
labor. A thousand pupils were added to 
the Sunday schools, which number nearly 
four thousand scholars. A training school 
or seminary has been established from which 
the young men go forth continually, two by 
two, to preach the Gospel. So rapid and 

9 



90 Foreign Missions. 

decided has been the work of grace, that 
strong appeals were sent for increased ap- 
propriations, and the Missionary Society Is 
embarrassed because of its inability to grant 
the full amount of their estimates. 

"Among the changes that are taking place 
in Sweden, the growing spirit of religious 
toleration is most marked ; and it was re- 
solved by our mission, during the session of 
its last annual meeting to withdraw from 
the State Church under the new law for dis- 
senters. The advantages to be gained by 
such a step will consist in getting rid of all 
half-hearted and lukewarm members ; of 
avoiding many troubles and petty persecu- 
tions to which we are now exposed, as being 
then under the protection of the laws equal- 
ly with the State Church ; and we shall 
enjoy all the privileges which a regular 
church association should have. We have 
an increase during the year of twenty Sun- 
day schools, fifty-four teachers, and nine 
hundred and twenty scholars. A training 
school for young men who are called to the 
ministry in successful operation, from which 
six have gone into the regular work. A 
printing establishment at which are pub- 
lished books, pamphlets, tracts, and two 
periodicals. » 

' ' The work is now so extensive that it was 
necessary to divide it into three districts, 
and to each district was appointed a regular 
Presiding Elder. The people are doing all 



Scandinavia. 91 

they can towards self support, but nothing 
in particular can be done on this account, 
until their chapels are paid for and the 
societies are free from debt.' 5 

NORWAY. 

"As in our other Scandinavian missions, 
so in this ; our work has been crowned with 
success during the past year. The reports 
that come to us of the extent and the depth 
of the work of grace throughout the bounds 
of this mission are cheering in the extreme. 
Here, as in other portions of our work, the 
need for more men and money is imperative, 
if we would keep pace with the rapid growth 
of the church and avail ourselves of the 
many open doors. The statistical report 
shows an increase in almost every depart- 
ment of the work, and yet there are many 
things that cannot be told by figures. The 
church which was dedicated by Bishop Har- 
ris, cost $16,800, and the debt running on it 
is $8,600. 

" We had hope of getting some help from 
the Missionary Society for this building last 
year, but were sorry to learn that the cir- 
cumstances did not allow the committee to 
make the appropriation expected.'' 



92 Foreign Missions. 



|mdia. 

Founded in 1857. 



We cannot do better than to quote the 

language of Bishop Thompson in regard to 

the founding of this mission. He says : — 

"In the year 1857 Rev. Dr. Butler was 
sent out to found an Indian mission for the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. He was the 
man for the work — prudent, pious, saga- 
cious, with a courteous bearing, a just 
self-respect, an enterprising spirit, and a 
profound regard to the authorities by whom 
he was commissioned. By his selection of 
a field, choice of stations, management of 
the finances, and general oversight of the 
work, he evinced eminent abilities ; and 
although, in consequence of a want of 
facility in inspiring in others the spirit of 
obedience and respect for ofiicial superiors, 
which was both a sentiment and habit with 
himself, and did not, perhaps, call forth the 
affection of his fellow laborers to the extent 
to which he was entitled, yet he could but 



India. 93 

provoke their admiration at the proud mon- 
ument which, in departing from India, he 
left behind him' 

u After much and careful inquiry, . Dr. 
Butler fixed on the city of Barielly, in the 
north-west of India, (the capital of the 
Province of Barielly , ) as the central position 
of the first mission of the Methodist Episco- 
pal Church in India. It was the only 
Christian mission in a Province containing 
a population of millions, and the most 
densely crowded portion of India. The Mo- 
hammedan population predominates over 
the Hindoo, and in this respect is scarcely 
as favorable as if the Hindoo predominated. 
To enable Dr. Butler to commence his 
mission, our Presbyterian brethren at Alla- 
habad very kindly gave him a native 
teacher, named Joel, who was soon acting 
as local preacher in his aid. He received 
further aid in the services of Mr. Josiah 
Parsons, a pious and devoted man from 
England, who had been five years in the 
country, and a good part of this time in 
the service of the ; Church Missionary 
Society.'" 

Shortly after Dr. Butler had located the 
mission at Barielly and before our young 
brothers Pierce and Humphrey arrived out, 
and before Mr. Parsons could join him, the 
terrible mutiny broke out, and Dr. Butler 
had to fly with his wife and children to the 



94 Foreign Missions. 

Himalayah Mountains for safety. Here 
they endured almost untold privations be- 
fore tlie way was opened for their return to 
Barielly. Meantime Brothers Price and 
Humphrey arrived at Calcutta, where they 
hired a house and commenced the study of 
the language while waiting for a cessation 
of hostilities. But Dr. Butler had not the 
happiness of taking them by the hand and 
welcoming them to their work in India, 
until the 11th of March, and it was the 5th 
of May ere he was permitted to look upon 
the devastation which had been made in his 
once happy home. But his faith failed not, 
for he ' ' endured as seeing Him who is invis- 
ible." But, " what a change had come o'er 
the spirit of his dream." He says : — 

" Before the rebellion it was imposiblefor 
a native Christian to obtain employment 
under Government, immediately after, their 
value rose at once. Employment was 
thrown open to them, giving them a fair 
chance with other men. They could com- 
mand from five to ten times the salary pre- 
viously paid. Missionary societies had, con- 
sequently, twice within five years been oblig- 
ed to raise the wages of their teachers and 
helpers, in order to retain them, so great was 
the competition by other parties to engage 
them. The effect of this change upon their 



India. 95 

standing in society, the comfort of their 
families, and their own self-respect, as well 
as Christian usefulness, will be apparent." 

While stopping at Meeruit on his way 
back to Barielly, Brother Butler had the 
satisfaction of meeting his friend Colonel 
Go wan, who like himself had ' ' been in perils 
by the heathen," and together they " re- 
counted their mercies o'er," while they 
acknowledged the fulfillment of God's pre- 
cious promises to them, as they consulted 
about His work. It was to this Christian 
officer that he was so largely indebted for 
means and encouragement in re-commencing 
his work. But we quote Dr. Butler's own 
description of it. He says : — 

u He made over to me an orphan boy 
whom he had rescued from danger and 
misery, to whom he had given his own 
name, and promised to be responsible for 
his support and education from that day. 

■ ' This was the origin of our Boy' s Orphan- 
age, and its first member, thus received, was 
the son of a Sepoy officer killed in battle,— 
the poor child was found on the back of an 
elephant, where his father had left him dur- 
ing the fight. In the midst of his sorrow he 
fell into the hands of Colonel Gowan, who 
promised to be a father to him, which pledge 
he has faithfully redeemed, and the orphan- 
age is to-day its result. 



96 Foreign Missions. 

" This devoted servant of God encouraged 
and stood by me in all my future plans for 
the extension of our mission. No other man 
in the East or in America has given half as 
much money to develop our work in India 
as Colonel Gowan has contributed. He 
aided me in procuring homes for the itossion- 
aries, in establishing our Orphanage and 
Training School, and he built and endowed 
the schools in Khera Bayhera, (the village 
where # he was so long sheltered) so that his 
liberality to our mission work up to the 
present, cannot be much less than $15,000, 
and yet this liberal gentleman was a member 
of another church — the Church of England ; 
but he is the type of a large and increasing 
class of Christian Englishmen in India who 
prize our work, and are glad to aid it." 

Describing his return to Bareilly and 
Lucknow, Dr. Butler says : — 

"Before I was twenty-four hours in 
Barielly a subscription was started to help 
us in organizing our mission. That financial 
liberality has continued, year by year, in- 
creasing to this day ; those excellent men in 
the civil and military service of England, 
have since furnished the means required to 
carry on our system of Christian schools and 
our orphanages, averaging over $10,000 gold 
per annum." 

"On reaching Lucknow we were most 
kindly received at the Government House, no 



India. 97 

longer the Residency, but a building in an- 
other part of the city. Mr. (now Sir Robert) 
Montgomery welcomed us with the cordi- 
ality of a Christian, requesting us to con- 
sider his house our home till we could ob- 
tain a mission residence, and offering us 
every aid in his power. He believed in 
missions, and in the ability of God's truth 
to reach the hearts even of the turbulent 
race whom he ruled." 

Describing his exploration of Lucknow, 

he says : — 

"The change was amazing, even already. 
Instead of every man being armed with 
tulwar and shield, nobody bore a weapon, 
save the native police. Every person seemed 
to be minding his own business. The shop- 
keeper' s sword was no longer on his 
counter, yet his goods seemed safe enough. 
Mr. Montgomery had disarmed the entire 
population, and taught them that they 
must no longer fight and wound each other. 
If they had a quarrel, they must not take 
the law in their own hands ; the courts were 
open to them, and they must go there and 
have the magistrate settle it for them. They 
submitted, and seemed amazed how well the 
new arrangement worked. Never before 
had it been so seen in Lucknow. It was the 
new and wonderful reign of law and equal 
justice in the land of the Sepoy. - '* 

The order, the industry, and the propriety 



98 Foreign Missions. 

of the streets, were to me simply marvelous ; 
and the people were so civil — making their 
salaam as I passed along, much gratified 
that I returned their courtesy. And this 
was Lucknow, with its hundreds of thou- 
sands of people, and I, a white face, alone 
and unarmed among them ! I could hardly 
believe my own senses. But it was just so ; 
and I felt that we might almost conclude 
that the city was already about half saved. 

* * * •* * x 

"The rapid growth of the Christian 
Church in India since that time, and especi- 
ally of the native ministry, fully exhibits 

1 The silver lining to this cloud of grief 

with which a merciful God compensated the 
sufferings of his servants. What a change 
for the better in the very respect which they 
so much desired, would brothers Freeman 
and Campbell witness, could they rise from 
the dead and revisit the scenes where they 
suffered and died to bring about this result ! 

# * * * # * 

"How intense the interest which that re- 
bellion awoke all through Christendom ! 
How earnest the prayers which then went 
up to God for India ! " And how liberal the 
efforts since made to claim the land for 
Christ! — All has been over-ruled for good. 
The vastness of India, the value of her evan- 
gelization as the heart of Asia, and the use- 
fulness of her position, as the key to the 



India. 99 

salvation of the nations with which she has 
commercial relations — Afghanistan, Beloo- 
chistan, Eastern Persia, Bokhara, Herat, 
Thibet, Ladack, Nepaul, Western China, 
and others — all these must feel the effects of 
the mighty change which India is yet to 
undergo, and which this rebellion did so 
much to prepare her. 

"The hour had come when the inevitable 
conflict between human barbarism and 
divine civilization was to take place, and 
the words of Christ were to be realized in 
India — 'I am not come to send peace, but a 
sword? Ere thai sword could conquer the 
peace of righteous law and order, and place 
that great land in subjection to the influences 
which are all the more certainly and speed- 
ily to work out her redemption — as they are 
doing at this hour — the words of Simeon to 
the Virgin Mother of the great Peace-maker 
might have been addressed to the Futtygher 
martyrs, and the victims of Cawnpore and 
Barielly, as well as to. those who lived to see 
the great victory of deliverance,. 'Yea a 
sword shall pierce through thine own soul 
also, that the thoughts of many hearts may 
be revealed.' They did not suffer nor die in 
vain. Their endurance unto blood, and the 
valor of those who, against such odds, 
fought their way to their rescue, have taught 
the men of Hindoostan a lesson that can 
never be forgotten. They have been whipped 
into the alarming consciousness that their 



100 Foreign Missions. 

colossal and venerable systems of religion, 
in which they trusted, are utterly powerless ; 
that with civilization is strength ; and that 
Christianity is both invincible and inevita- 
ble. They have lost confidence and hope in 
their own systems, and the '-thoughts of 
their hearts 9 are 'revealed' in the candid 
and singular remark made to us one day by 
an aged native, when we pressed him upon 
this subject, as with a sigh he exclaimed, 
' It is so, Sahib ; for some reason that we 
don't understand God has left us and gone 
over to the Christian side ! ' " 

The Girls' Orphange originated in 1858. 
We give Dr. Butler's own description of 
it :— 

" I well remember," he says, "what joy 
there was in November, 1858, when Provi- 
dence put into our hands the first female 
orphan we ever received. She was a poor, 
weak little creature, was blind of an eye, 
and plain-featured — certainly no beauty ; 
but she was a girl, and she was all our own 
to rear for Jesus and his Church — one of 
India's daughters. We rejoiced over her, 
and felt that she was a precious charge for 
India's sake. Dear, sainted Mrs. Pierce 
cherished her with a mother' s love. She was 
baptized Almira Blake. After a while we 
obtained three or four more, but we were 
still pained to think how inadequate were 
these few to meet the great want of our ex- 



India. 101 

tending mission. The opportunity of Divine 
mercy was, however, nearer than Ave then 
knew. God was about to meet our require- 
ments, and thus lay the foundations of 
greater and wider usefulness for our mission 
than we were anticipating." 

When the famine of 1860 occurred, 
many poor orphan boys and girls were left 
destitute upon the cold charity of the 
world. The missionaries thought this emer- 
gency might'be turned to good account by 
seizing* on the opportunity presented, not 
only to save those ready to perish, but to 
do a great work for the women of India and 
for Christianity by taking a number of these 
destitute children, particularly the girls, 
and training them for Christ and usefulness. 
They, therefore, concluded to take as many 
of the boys as would raise their number to 
one hundred, and one hundred and fifty 
girls. It was a large venture, and they had 
no means for their shelter or support, but 
like the African missionaries, at the time of 
the capture of the slave ship Pons, they 
believed " the Lord would provide." How 
they were provided for, we give Dr. Butler' s 
description. He says : — 

" The kind ladies of our mission took this 
10 



102 Foreign Missions. 

wretched group of girls in charge, and they 
were washed and clothed, cared for, and 
fed. Educational advantages were soon pro- 
vided. Responses came pouring in from 
schools and individuals in America, pledg- 
ing support for one or two, and sending a 
favorite name to be put upon their protege 
at their baptism. Individuals in India also, 
and the Government itself came to our help, 
and soon a comfortable orphanage and a 
school house, and all necessary conveniences 
were erected. To these have been added 
library, apparatus, pleasant grounds, and 
other requisites, until the establishment is 
acknowledged by all who see it, and by Sir 
William Muir, the Governor, who lately 
visited it, to be one of the best-arranged in- 
stitutions in India, and an honor to the 
American Methodist Church. It is also a 
credit to the interest and diligence of Brother 
and Sister Thomas, who, in their long and 
devoted connection with it, have, under God' s 
blessing, made it what it is to-day. 

; ' The Lord has graciously laid the claims of 
the Female Orphanage upon the hearts of 
our ladies. It is now und er the special charge 
of the Woman' s Foreign Missionary Society 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church, as a 
part of their work for women in India. 
From six to nine girls finish their studies 
and graduate each year. Probably the high- 
est work which God had in view for these 
girls is that now in progress under the train- 



India. 103 

ing of Miss Swain, M. D.,* who has a large 
class of the elder girls under instruction in 
the theory and practice of medicine, to fit 
them to go into the houses of the suffering 
ones around them as medical Bible women, 
healing the sick while they preach the Gos- 
pel. No words can be too ardent to express 
the importance of such an agency." 

As the Report of 1858 is so limited, we 
give only the names of the Superintendent 
and Assistant Missionaries. 

Rev. Win. Butler, Superintendent. 

Rev. Ralph Pierce, Missionary. Mrs. Butler, Assistant. 
" J. L. Humphrey, " ■ " Pierce, 

u Josiah Parsons, " " Humphrey/' 

Joel, (Native Local Preacher). " Parsons, " 

In the statistics for 1859-60, we find : — 
Rev. Wm. Butler, Superintendent. 

Lucknow — Revs. R. Pierce and J. Baume, Missionaries ; 
J. A. Cawdell, Local Preacher ; and Joel, Native Preacher ; 
Robert Amoor Mitza, Teacher ; Peggy, in charge of Or- 
phan Girls. 

Shajehanpore— Rev. J. W. Waugh, Missionary; Sheo 
Ghoolam, Moonshee ; Isaac Jones, Teacher. 

Barielly — Revs. J L. Humphrey and J. R. Downey (since 
deceased), Missionaries; Joseph, Native Preacher; Zoor- 
ool Huck and Isaac John, Teachers; John in charge of 
Orphan Boys. 

Moradabad— Revs. C. W Judd and J. Parsons, Mission- 
aries ; Samuel, Native Preacher; Jamant Sicg, Native Ex- 
horter ; Moonshee Sing and Bulioo Sing, Teachers. 

Bijnour— Rev. E. W. Parker, Missionary ; William, Na- 
tive Exhorter. 

Nynee Tal— Revs. J. M. Thoburn and S. Knowles, Mis- 
sionaries ; Jacob, Teacher. 

*Now in the United States for the recovery of her health. 



104 Foreign Missions. 

MISSION PROPERTY. 

" In Lucknow, two good houses and about 
six acres of land, secured by legal deed as 
the property of the Missionary Society for 
ever. Also a little chapel, a school house, 
Female Orphanage, and houses for our 
native helpers worth $6,000. In Nynee Tal 
we have a house, (for two families) school 
house, chapel, and land — cost $3,475. In 
Bijnour, a site for our mission establish- 
ment and a small house secured by deed, 
worth $500. Being a total of $9,975, an; in 
crease over last year in the value of our 
property $6,500." The missionaries are on 
the watch to secure suitable sites for build- 
ing in Barielly and Shajehanpore, and ex- 
tending their work into the surrounding 
cities and villages. 

In the statistics for this mission for the 
year ending in November, 1861, are : — 

Missionaries , 17 

Native preachers 12 

School teachers 21 

Communicants 93 

American Sabbath Congregation 371 

Sabbath scholars 223 

Native orphans 102 

Schools 18 

Dav schools, male 371 

female 86 

Baptisms during the year 57 

Chapels 10 

School houses 7 

' ' The past year has been one of real ad- 
vancement in all departments of the work. 



India, 105 

The agents, congregations, sabbath scholars 
and communicants, have nearly doubled in 
number. The christian schools have gone up 
from 457 to 1,224 scholars ; and the orphan 
children have risen from 100 to 239. The 
munificent liberality of the christian resident 
Europeans of former years has been exceeded, 
and aid from other sources acknowledged, 
to help the printing establishment into com- 
plete working order. A new christian vil- 
lage has been founded named Wesley-pore, 
andits schools and congregations organized." 

The brethren report themselves as being in 

good health, which they attribute greatly to 

the Sanitarium at Nynee Tal. 

1 ' A mission has been organized where some 
fifty native boys are making good progress 
in secular and religious knowledge, also a 
service for soldiers. Beside the native work, 
the missionary has two English congrega- 
tions to whom he ministers. Some action 
has been taken in regard to establishing a 
seminary at ISTynee Tal for the instruction of 
the children of missionaries. The true 
theory of foreign missions is here defined to 
be, 4 for missionaries to commence the work, 
raise up a native ministry to carry it on, 
direct their labors and church organizations 
for a while, and then, when God shall give 
them success, when churches are multiplied 
and the power of numbers begins to be felt, 
and their doctrinal purity seems sufficiently 



106 Foreign Missions. 

established, let them be invested with the 
entire responsibility, and the missionaries 
withdraw and devote themselves to other 
unevangelized portions of the world. 3 

u An examination of the tables, shows that 
under the divine blessing, the increase in the 
work among the natives for the year just 
closed is twenty -five per cent, on the number 
of agents of the society ; the places of wor- 
ship have doubled ; thirty per cent has been 
added to the regular congregations, and 
fifty per cent to the Sabbath school ; the in- 
crease of communicants has been about 
forty per cent, the number of orphans has 
been trebled, the attendants on class meet- 
ing nearly doubled, as has also been the 
number of baptisms ; while the scholars have 
risen from two hundred and sixty to four 
hundred and fifty-seven. Beside the strictly 
missionary work given in the statisti- 
cal returns, the mission during the year has 
been occupied with secular work, in the 
building of chapels, mission houses, teach- 
ers' dwellings, zyatt, orphanage and school 
houses." 

Truly, seldom if ever did such success 
attend any of our foreign missions before. 

The work of the Missionary Society of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church in India is in 
the form of a regular Annual Conference. 
The following is a list of the number in the 
field at the close of 1869 :— 



~v 



India. 107 



^Missionaries 19 

Assistant missionaries 18 

Native preachers in Conference 3 

Native local preachers 27 

Native exhorters 52 

Total 119 

' ' Barielly station lias increased very much 
in the number of members connected with 
the charge, which is due principally to the 
Industrial Establishment built up by brother 
Thomas for native Christians. The mis- 
sionaries are making an effort to open a 
circle of out stations all around Barielly, at 
a distance of ten or twelve miles. 

" In Nynee Tal a medical class of native 
Christian women has been established by 
brother Humphrey. A unique thing in 
India, but bids fair to be the foundation of 
much good. 

"Rev. D. W. Thomas, in charge of the 
Ohis' Orphange, reports the number of girls 
in orphange, 136 ; number married during 
the year, 10 ; number of deaths during the 
year,^ 3 ; number received during the year, 
23 ; increase, 10. Religious interest en- 
couraging. Educational interest improving 
slowly. The'Mission Industrial School has 
been in operation but one year and one 
month, but has increased in interest and 
numbers far beyond our highest expecta- 
tions ; and constant and urgent orders for 
our manufactures has compelled us to en- 
large our quarters and increase the number 



108 Foreign Missions. 

of workmen. We propose to receive twenty 
or twenty-five native Christian boys as ap- 
prentices, and to provide for their support 
while learing trades ; also to provide them 
with a good teacher and give them two or 
three hours each day for learning to read 
and write, etc. ; hoping by this means to be 
able to train up a class of young men who 
will eventually become the foundation of a 
self-supporting church. 

' - Shahjehanpore — Church. — The congre- 
gation, including the Orphange, numbers 
one hundred and seventy, an increase of 
forty. The whole number of communicants, 
one hundred and twelve. 

"We have purchased some 887 acres of 
land on which to found a Christian village, 
which is being rapidly settled and culti- 
vated. We also have village and bazar 
preaching. There has been an increase of 
thirty boys at the Orphange — making the 
whole number one hundred and thirty-nine. 
The city school continues very prosperous, 
numbering one hundred and eighty scholars. 
There are two girls' schools in the heart of the 
city, in which fifty girls are taught daily. 

"At Budaon the native church has been 
increased by the addition of ten men and 
four women. The regular services on the 
Sabbath and during the week are well at- 
tended. 

"The average attendance of the Anglo- 
vernacular school has been about eighty. 



India. 109 

The girls 5 school among the lower classes 
has again been opened. Bazar preaching 
three evenings of the week. 

fc 'Nynee Tal schools are making good 
progress. Two Sabbath services are re- 
ported, — one in Hindustanee in the morn- 
ing, and another in English at five P. M. 
Two Sunday schools ; a female medical 
class, consisting of ten women, all able to 
read and write in one language, and several 
of them in two. They are all married, their 
husbands are teachers or preachers. 

"The Government Hospitals are placed 
under the supervision of Rev. J. L. Hum- 
phrey, which very much enlarges the circle 
of his acquaintance and influence. 

" Lucknow District — At east Lucknow, 
Kev. J. W. Waugh reports that they have 
five boys' schools, two Zenana schools, one 
ragged girls' school, four Christian women 
engaged as Scripture readers, daily visiting 
Zenanas, teaching the women and children 
in their own homes, a staff of four native 
preachers, and three exhorters, together 
with two colporteurs to be supervised and 
directed. 

"The Mission Press is accomplishing 
more than ever before, and is a power for 
good. Two bible women are employed, and 
two colporteurs. 

"In Lucknow the working staff consists of 
one missionary and his wife, two native local 
preachers, one exhorter, one female scrip- 



110 Foreign Missions. 

ture reader, together with the teachers in the 
various schools. 

" The Zenana school apiong the Moham- 
medans has been very satisfactory. The 
Hindoo school has been established only 
some two months, and furnishes a com- 
mencement for a kind of work among the 
Hindoo women of the city, which they have 
tried previously to commence. The boys' 
school remains about stationary in num- 
bers, and they are making good progress. 

" They receive grants in aid from Govern- 
ment for all the schools, which is allowed on 
condition that the mission expend upon the 
schools double the Government grant, and 
as much more. 

"At Seetapore and Luckimpore the work 
is progressing much as in other places. At 
Bahraich two interesting girls experienced 
religion, and entered into the enjoyment of 
the blessing of perfect love. A young man 
was baptized among the first fruits of this 
mission. The report for the remainder of 
this district indicates great prosperity. 

" The report of Moradabad district shows 
that the year has been one of encouraging 
progress, and but for a famine which pre- 
vailed, their success would have been much 
more satisfactory. They are able to report 
some increase at every appointment and 
station, and have opened one new out- 
station. In short, the work of the district 
is reported as being in a more encouraging 



India. Ill 

condition than ever before. The native as- 
sistants are .doing very efficient service. 
Every part of the work is being reduced to 
a regular system, and everywhere are seen 
signs of healthy growth in the churches and 
schools, 

"The report for the year 1872 states that 
the Rev. J. D. Brown and wife have re- 
turned to their work in India, leaving in this 
country two little sons. They were accom- 
panied by Revs. B. F. Cherington and wife 
and B. H. Badley and wife. They were also 
accompanied by Misses Louisa E. Blackman 
and Lizzie Pultz, who went out under the 
appointment of the Woman' s Foreign Mis- 
sionary Society. 

" Dr. Waugh's return was delayed by the 
death of Mrs. Waugh. 

"The Revs. S. Knowles, H. Mansell and 
F. M. Wheeler and their families hoped to 
return within the year. 

" Steps have been taken by the General 
Committee and Board of Managers to secure 
the long needed accommodations of chapel* 
and school room in Moradabad, and in so 
doing they had been aided by His Excel- 
lency Governor Muir. 

"Notwithstanding much suffering from 
the Deugue fever, and the debility occasioned 
by the climate, the mission in India has 
been prosperous. Rev. Brother Judd in 



112 Foreign Missions. 

charge of Barielly station and Girls' Orphan- 
age, reports that the work has # not materially 
changed in form, though the* amount is in- 
creased in some respects. For instance, 
where there w T ere two Sunday schools they 
now have live, with an attendance of over 
three hundred scholars. 

"The Girls' Orphange is a very interest- 
ing part of the work. It is mostly managed 
by the ladies. Miss Sparkes, who is at the 
head of the educational department, is do- 
ing a good work, assisted by a staff of 
teachers that so far relieve her that she is 
able to do considerable Zenana work beside. 
"The medical, work carried on by Miss 
Clara Sw r ain, is producing a very kindly im- 
pression, and hundreds of patients are 
treated every month. All have heard of 
the gifts by the ISTawab of Rampore of a 
house and lands worth some $15,000. A 
convenient and suitable hospital is being 
rapidly erected on this land by the funds of 
the Woman's Society. This medical work 
promises well as an a gency of good in the 
work of turning this people to Christ. 

"The Theological Seminary was com- 
menced April 15th, 1872. The number of 
young men in attendance has been sixteen, 
of whom thirteen have received scholarship. 
Three local preachers attended during the 
' hot season ' term. Most of the students 
have made satisfactory progress in all their 
studies, and marked advancement in 
spiritual life. 



India. 113 

"The Orphanage is represented as never 
having been in a better condition. There 
are 126 boys in the Orphanage, and nine 
in the boarding department, making in the 
aggregate 135, in addition to whom about 
twenty day scholars from the city school 
attend." 

In looking over the entire district for the 
year, we find that while in some places they 
have had great encouragement in the con- 
version of souls, in others they have had 
hard work with but little fruit. 

On Lucknow District u the brethren are 
nearly all entangled with various kinds of 
enterprises, such as schools, literary work, 
building, medical and pastoral duties ; all 
legitimate enough, but still necessarily 
standing in the way of that unremitting de- 
votion to one calling, which the evangelist 
must maintain if he wishes to realize a high 
degree of success. They also labor under 
the disadvantage of having a large propor- 
tion of new missionaries, whose want of ac- 
quaintance with the native languages neces- 
sarily limits their usefulness. This difficul- 
ty, however, is being rapidly overcome, and 
a year from this time it is thought will not 
be seriously felt." 
11 



114 Foreign Missions. 

"At Lucknow, Brother Messraore is In 
charge of the press, Brother Craven of the 
schools, Brother Janvier (native) of the 
Native Church, and Brother Thoburn of the 
English Congregation. In addition' to the 
missionaries a large number of the members 
both European and native, assist in prayer 
meetings, Sunday schools and bazar preach- 
ing, and thus an extended work is carried 
on throughout the year. They have experi- 
enced much inconvenience from the want 
of a church. 

"Brother Thoburn hoped to be able to 
give a detailed account of the work done by 
the press, but Brother Messmore's health 
had not been good enough to prepare it. 
Two vernacular papers are issued from the 
press, one in the Persian character and one 
in Roman — Urdu." 

No mention is made of the work among 
the women of Lucknow, as it was supposed 
that a separate report would be sent to the 
Woman 1 s Foreign Missionary Society. 

"At Cawnpore there are three boys' and 
one girls' school, one Zenana visitor, and 
two colporteurs. By the extensive spread 
of the truth through bazar preaching, and 
Bible distribution, they are "planting seeds 
which will spring up into an abundant har- 
vest when the showers of blessing come upon 
the field." 



India. 115 

Rev. E. W. Parker writes that u a few 
years ago when the war and confusion of 
the Sepoy rebellion terminated, there was 
but two native Christians in what is now the 
Moradabad District of the India Conference. 
Since that time churches have been organ- 
ized, native preachers raised up, schools es- 
tablished, medical male and female assistants 
educated, and a great work commenced to- 
wards the Christianization of that portion of 
India. The number of missionaries has not 
increased, for almost at the beginning we 
had five in that field, but the number of 
laborers has multiplied ten fold. These 
laborers are scattered over a field about 150 
miles in length and 100 miles in breadth con- 
taining a population of about 3,000,000. 
The medical helpers have been educated by 
Rev. J. L. Humphrey, M. D., at NyneeTal, 
and by Miss Clara Swain, M. D., at Barielly. 
They have these assistants now at almost all 
the stations, and many of the out stations, 
although Dr. Humphrey at Nynee Tal has 
charge of the only organized medical mis- 
sion in the district." 

" The Zenana work, the girls' schools and 
all other work among the women is pro- 



116 Foreign Missions. 

gressing and becoming permanent. A new 
church'* was needed at Moradabad city. 

. " At Nynee Tal the English service is very 
large during the hot season, and much aid 
and encouragement has been received from 
the friends of the cause there. 

"At Paori all of the work is prosperous. 
Brother Wilson is erecting orphanage build- 
ings for the Woman's Foreign Missionary 
Society. 

"At Bijnour the medical work among the 
women and the school work shows especial 
progress." 

Western India — Founded in 1871. 

"The Board chronicle the opening of a 
new mission in the city of Bombay, a step 
taken in obedience to the manifest indica- 
tions of Providence. The Rev. William Tay- 
lor, whose holy activity is such a marvel to 
the church, went to Bombay and preached 
the Gospel with such power that many were 
brought to Christ. A circuit was formed 
with preaching places, classes, local preach- 
ers, stewards, leaders, and all the machinery 
of Methodism, and the work was tendered 
to the Methodist Episcopal Church through 
the Missionary Society. The church was 
asked to send laborers, on condition that 
the Missionary Society should be at no ex- 
pense farther than to provide transportation, 
the local church assuming the responsibility 
of their support. 

* Since built and dedicated during the Summer of 1875. 



India. 117 

"As the Board of Managers had no author- 
ity to create a new mission, and the case was 
one of great urgency, they voted an appro- 
priation from the contingent fund, with the 
understanding that Bishop Harris would 
appoint two single men to the India Confer- 
ence with instruction to stop in Bombay and 
work with Brother Taylor until the General 
Committee should act on the case. Bishop 
Harris appointed Brothers D. O. Fox and 
Albert Norton who sailed on the 4th of Sep- 
tember. The General Committee fully ap- 
proved the provisional arrangements of the 
Board and Bishop, and made an appropria- 
tion for the mission in India outside of the 
India Conference. 

"The centre of this mission was fixed at 
Bombay. No statistics have been received, 
but accounts have appeared in the news- 
papers of the remarkable revival at Bombay, 
Foonah and vicinity. Six itinerants are 
describing' Bombay Circuit, and they do not 
consider their work as designed for the 
English and Eurasian population alone, but 
for the people in India, European, Eurasian, 
Mahratta, Hindoo, nominally Christian, 
Pagan, or Mohammedan." 

The report of the India mission for 1874, 
informs us .that " the mission was then vig- 
orously manned, perhaps as much so as at 
any period of its history. Rev. D. W. 
Thomas and wife, Rev. J. H. Messmore, and 



118 Foreign Missions. 

Rev. Dr.Waugh, were again upon the ground* 
The Conference had, however, been under 
the necessity of sparing from labors for the 
present, Rev. J. L. Humphrey, M.D., who re- 
mained too long at his post before seeking the 
much-needed relief. Brothers Humphrey, 
Wheeler, Wilson, and Weatherby, were trans- 
ferred to conferences in this country, but if 
in the providence of God, their health is so 
restored as to admit of their return, they 
will be re-transferred. Never was the work 
in India more encouraging than now. In 
various portions of the field self-supporting 
churches have sprung up among the Eura- 
sians, and these are greatly energizing our 
general work. The support of the native 
preachers by the native churches is also 
receiving due attention." We give the ap- 
pointments for 

KFMAON DISTRICT. 

Thomas 8. Johnson, Presiding Elder. 

Nynee Tal, Charles W. Judd; English 
Church to be supplied ; Paori, Joseph H. 
Gill ; Eastern Kumaon, Richardson Grey ; 
Palee, to be supplied. 

ROHILCUND DISTRICT. 

Edwin W. Parker ', Presiding Elder. 
Bareilly, John D. Brown, James H. Mess- 



India. 119 

more ; Bareilly Theological Seminary, 
Thomas J. Scott, principal, John Thomas, 
teacher, David W. Thomas, agent ; Khera 
Bajhera, Isaac Fieldbrave ; Shajehanpore, 
Boys' Orphanage and City Schools, Philo M. 
Buck, Horace Adams ; Shajehanpore Station, 
Samuel Knowles ; Budaon, Robert Hoskins ; 
Philibeet, to be supplied ; Moradabad, 
Albert D. McHenry, Jefferson E. Scott ; 
Zahurul Hugg : Chandausi, to be supplied ; 
Sambhal, to be supplied; Amroha, Hiram 
A. Cutting ; Bijnour, Ambica Charu Paul. 

woman's foreign MISSIONARY society. 

Moradabad, Girls' Boarding School, Miss 
L. E. Blackmar ; Zenana Work, Miss L. M. 
Pultz; Bareilly, Medical Department, Miss 
Clara Swain, M. D., (now in the United 
States) ; Girls' Orphanage, Miss Fanny 
Sparkes ; ZenanaWork, Miss Sarah Leming. 

OUDH DISTRICT. 

Henry Mansell, Presiding Elder. 
Lucknow, Edward Cunningham; Native 
Church, James W. Waugh ; Superintendent 
of the Press, Thomas Craven ; Editor of Peri- 
odicals and Books, James Mudge ; Seeta- 
pore, Fletcher B. Cherington ; Hurdui, 
SundarLal ; Gondah and Bahraich, Brenton 
H. Badley ; Barabanki, Joel T. Janvier ; 
Roy Bareilly, John T. M'Mahon ; Cawnpore, 
Wallace J. Gladwin ; Boarding School and 
Native Work, Henry Jackson ; Allahabad, 
Dennis Osborne; Woman's Foreign Mis- 



120 Foreign Missions. 

sionary Society, Lucknow, Girls' Boarding 
School, Miss Isabella Thoburn ; Zenana 
Work, Miss Jennie Tinsley ; Medical De- 
partment, Miss Nannie Monelle, M. D."* 

They enjoyed a time of refreshing from 
the presence of the Lord during the visit of 
Bishop Harris, and Brothers Spencer, Hough- 
ton and Parkhurst, and closed a blessed 
series of district meetings during the Durga- 
Puga holidays and District Conference. Sin- 
ners had been converted, believers sanctified, 
and the exhorters and preachers baptized 
afresh for their work. 

u The two new projects which were started 
at Conference, namely : the Cawnpore Eng- 
lish Day and Boarding School, and the Native 
Work at Lucknow by the Woman's Foreign 
Missionary Society, have both prospered. 

" There are two charges in Lucknow : The 
Native and the English, with at least five 
distinct kinds of woik. The English Church 
is under the care of Brother Cunningham, 
and is growing spirtually. 

"The Native Church under the charge of 
Dr. Waugh, who is also editor of the Chris- 
tian Star, our Hindustanee Methodist Ad- 
vocate. The church is growing in numbers, 
and is said to be the most intelligent native 
congregation in India." 

The schools and press are under the super- 
intendence of Brother Craven. The schools 

* Since these appointments were made, Miss M. has with- 
drawn from the Mission. 



India. 121 

are not advancing in the grade of scholar- 
ship, but are becoming more and more mis- 
sionary in their character. The press con- 
tinues to pour forth its streams of christian 
literature. A number of works have been 
issued beside the " Lesson Leaves" in Eng- 
lish, Hindustani and Hindi ; the Sunday 
School Advocate, in Hindustani and Hindi ; 
and three papers, Witness, Christian Star 
and Son of Moses ; the Witness is steadily 
increasing in circulation, and is even now the 
leading religious newspaper in India. 

"The Sunday schools are not only mar- 
velous in the eyes of all other missionaries 
in India, but they often astonish even our 
missionaries themselves. They can go to 
almost any part of the city and find boys in 
the streets who will sing with great spirit the 
Christian songs and hymns they learn in the 
Sunday school, and thus attract a crowd of 
hearers, to whom the missionaries preach 
the G-ospel. 

"The woman's work has several depart- 
ments, and is carried on vigorously. 

"Miss Thoburn is at the head of the 
Ladies' Home, with Miss Tinsly and Miss 
Dr. Monell (since withdrawn from the mis- 
sion) as associates, and Miss Rowe and Mrs. 
Mooney, assistants. She is also principal 
of the Girls' Boarding School. There are 



122 Foreign Missions. 

six Bible women" and four assistant teachers 
in the school. 

" Miss Thoburn mentions that Zenana vis- 
iting has increased interest, and access been 
gained to some houses heretofore closed 
against all endeavors to enter. Mrs. Craven 
and Mrs. Mudge have the oversight of the 
girls' schools." 

Miss Monell writes of the medical work, 
that " within the eight months of her work 
there, she has attended four hundred and 
one patients, and filled five hundred and 
seventy prescriptions, and been called to 
houses never before entered by a Christian. 
Of Seetapore, Hurdui, Gondah, Baraich, &c, 
the usual appointments have been kept up. 
Sunday and day schools are well attended, 
and increasing in interest ; enquirers some- 
times coming in from forty miles distance to 
ask questions about Christianity." 

" Bible women reading the Scriptures and 
distributing religious reading, preaching at 
bazars and villages, together with camp 
preaching at melas, (fairs,) keep the machin- 
ery in such motion that accessions are of 
frequent occurrence. The missionary at 
Roy Barielly has had a stormy year, but 
succeeded well." He reports that -" there 
has been at least one hundred villages vis- 
ited, and the Gospel preached to them. The 



India. 123 

sales of books are larger than ever before. 
The day school has increased from eight to 
fifteen. The most important event to the 
little church there is the return of Altai 
Masih, an exhorter, to Mohammedanism, 
which so encouraged the followers of Islam 
that they began to organize Sunday schools, 
not to collect new children, but to break up 
ours. The result was a very great falling 
off of the scholars, but this was soon coun- 
teracted by the strenuous efforts of the mis- 
sionaries. Cawnpore was divided into two 
charges by Bishop Harris, at the session of 
the last Conference. Brother Gladwin had 
charge of the English Church, and Brother 
Jackson the Native Church and the English 
boarding and day school. This school had 
grown so as to absorb all Brother Jackson' s 
time, and he wished to be relieved of the 
native work the next year." 

Brother Osborn writes of Allahabad : — 

' 'That the week-day prayer meeting has 
been held in several localities with gracious 
success in the conversion of souls. During 
the year the missionary in charge of this 
station, has preached in the adjacent sta- 
tions of Chunar and Futtepore with success. 
He has also organized a church at Agra, 
numbering thirty-six members and proba- 
tioners, according to the discipline of the 
M. E. Church. The churches at Allah/abad 
and Agra are entirely self-supporting, the 



124 Foreign Missions. 

former furnishing one hundred rupees per 
month, the latter sixty." 

BOMBAY AND BENGAL. 

Hev. William Taylor, Superintendent. 

MISSIONARIES. 

J. M. Thoburn, James Shaw, 

George Bowen, George H. Gilder, 

Daniel O. Fox, Christopher W. Christian, 

Albert Norton, Charles R. Jeffries, 

Wm. E. Robbins, Clark P. Hard, 

John E. Robinson, Frank EAGoodwin. 

"This work has not been known for two 
successive years by the same title. It was 
begun by Brother Taylor some three years 
since at Bombay, and spreading rapidly was 
known as ' India Beyond,' that is, beyond 
the bounds of the Conference. Last year it 
was entitled 'Western India,' but farther 
changes and advances have led to the desig- 
nation as above, for the present year. The 
re-admission by the India Conference of 
Brother Taylor to the traveling connection, 
and the transfer and admission of the other 
brethren to the Conference, places this work 
in a new and more interesting relation. The 
laborers there are in fact missionaries sent 
out by the India Conference to the ' regions 
beyond.' Their connection with the Confer- 
ence, and the sending of Dr. Thoburn down 
injfcq the Bengal presidency, demonstrate 
that in India, the work is esteemed one, and 



India. 125 

that in the held itself there are no antagon- 
isms. The only peculiarities that exist, are, 
that the work is largely among the British 
residents and Eurasians, and is all of it self- 
supporting. 

" We have not been favored with statis- 
tics, but we know in a general way, that the 
results have been such as to gladden all 
Christian hearts. 

" The appointments designated in the 
minutes are Bombay, Callian, Egutpoora, 
Poonah, Sanowhe, Dexale, diasawal, Nag- 
pore, Jubbulpore, Calcutta, Dinapore, etc., 
which is suspected to mean a wideness of 
field, an extent and independence of labor 
quite peculiar of the field and these heroic 
adventures for God." 

The latest line from Dr. Thoburn is to the 
following effect, dated at Calcutta, Decem- 
ber 10th last. He says : — 

" Our work here is in a prosperous state. 
We have taken a lease of the largest theatre 
in the city for Sunday evening services, at 
a cost of $150 per month. God gives us all 
the money we need. The theatre proves too 
small for the congregation. We begin to 
think that God would have us build a new 
church, and are asking his guidance in the 
matter. It will cost a very large sum to 
build such a place as we need, but He who 
has led us thus far will give us the silver 
and the gold when his work demands it. 
12 



126 Foreign Missions. 

" Brother Taylor has called for yet more 
men, and in response to the call the Revs. 
Clark P. Hard, John C. Robinson and 
Frank Goodwin, have been sent to his 
assistance. " 

Brother Taylor is now in the United States 
and during the past summer has visited 
many cities, villages, and camp meetings in 
Central New York, where his description of 
his work in the East has created an interest 
and en thusiasnf unknown before. 

He will return again to Bombay to still 
win trophies to his master's cause. He is 
the right man in the right place. From the 
time he first sang up his congregations on 
the plaza in San Francisco twenty-five years 
ago, till the present, his career has been one 
of unparalleled success. Is it not because he 
gives God the glory and disclaims all per- 
sonal instrumentality ? May his useful life 
long be spared, and his labors ever attended 
with as great success. 

We cannot better conclude the description 
of our India Mission than by giving the last 
appointments of the Conference : — 

KUMAON DISTEICT. 

Charles W. Judd, Presiding Elder. 
Nynee Tal, C. W. Judd, Thomas Gowan ; 



India. 127 

English Church, N. P. Cheney ; Paori, Jos. 
H. Gill; Eastern Kumaon, Richardson Gray ; 
Palee, to be supplied. 

ROHILCUND DISTRICT. 

Edwin W. Parker, Presding Elder. 

Barielly, J. W. Waugh ; Theological Sem- 
inary, David W. Thomas, principal, J. W. 
Waugh, senior professor, John Thomas, 
teacher ; Khera Bayhera, Isaac Fieldbrave ; 
Shajehanpore, Boys' Orphanage and City 
Schools, Philo M. Buck ; Shajehanpore 
Station, Samuel Knowles ; Panahpore, Hor- 
ace Adams ; Budaon, F. M. Wheeler ; Mor- 
adabad and Ohandusi, George H. M'Grew, 
Zahur ul Hugg ; Sambhal, Sundar Lai ; 
Amroha, Hiram A. Cutting ; Bijnour, Al- 
bert D. M' Henry; Agent for Theological 
Seminary and Cawnpore School, J. T. Scott. 

OUDH DISTRICT. 

Edward Cunningham, Presiding Elder. 
Lucknow, English Church, Jas. H. Mess- 
more ; Native Church, John Rogers ; Super- 
intendent of the Press and Lucknow City 
Schools, Thomas Craven ; Editor of Luck- 
now Witness, James Mudge ; Seetapore, J. 
E. Scott ; Hurdui, A. C. Paul ; Gondah and 
Baraich, Brenton H. Badley ; Barabanki, 
Joel T. Janvier; Roy Barielly, John T. 
M'Mahon; Cawnpore, Henry Mansell; 
Cawnpore Memorial School, Henry Jackson ; 
Allahabad Circuit, Dennis Osborn. 



128 Foreign Missions. 

BOMBAY, BENGAL AND MADRAS MISSION. 

William Taylor, Superintendent. 

BOMBAY DISTRICT. 

George Bowen, Presiding Elder. 

Bombay, William E. Robbins, George H. 
Gilder, John Blackstock ; Poona Circuit, 
Daniel O. Fox ; Scind, Frank A. Goodwin ; 
Central India, M. H. Nichols. 

CALCUTTA DISTRICT. 

James M. Tlioburn, Presiding Elder. 

Calcutta, P. M. Murkerzi; Calcutta, Sea- 
men's Church, T. H. Oakes ; Darzeeling, C. 
W. Christian ; Agra, D. H. Lee ; Merut, to 
be supplied. 

MADRAS DISTRICT. 

ClarJc P. Hard, Presiding Elder. 

Madras, C. P. Hard; Bangalore Circuit, 
James Shaw, W. E. Newton ; Secunderabad 
Circuit, John E. Robinson, W. T. G. Curtiss ; 
Bellary, to be supplied ; J. D. Brown, trans- 
ferred to Central Pennsylvania Conference ; 
E. S. Johnson, R. Hoskins, W. J. Glad- 
win, F. B. Cherington, supernumeraries. 

woman's foreign missionary work. 

Moradabad, Zenana Work, Miss L. M. 
Pultz ; Moradabad, Medical Work, Miss 



India. 129 

Julia Lore, M. D. ; Paori, Garhwal, Miss L. 
E. Blackmar ; Barielly, Medical Work, Miss 
L. H.Green, M. D. ; Barielly, Girls' Orphan- 
age, Miss Fanny Sparks ; Barielly, on sick 
leave, Miss Clara Swain, M. D. ; Lucknow, 
Girls' Boarding School, Miss Isabella Tho- 
burn ; Shajehanpore, Miss * Jennie Tinsly." 



130 Foreign Missions. 



JJuLQARIA.-. 

yVllSSION ROUNDED IN 1857 



"The Bulgarians are an Asiatic people in- 
habiting a country lying south of the 
Danube, in Turkey in Europe. They are of 
a mild, contemplative, religious turn of 
mind, and of the Greek Church. They have 
long felt themselves oppressed by the Greek 
priesthood, and repeatedly applied to Prot- 
estant missionaries to come to them with the 
pure, simple, evangelical word, and with 
schools for their youth. The Methodist 
Episcopal Church was invited to occupy 
this field, and the incipient steps taken by 
preliminary inquiries and appropriations. 
But they awaited the men who were to be 
found, and appointed by the Bishop. 

" These at length presented themselves 
in the persons of the Rev. Wesley Pretty- 
man and Rev. A. L. Long, who offered 
themselves for the work, were accepted, and 
with praiseworthy promptness and dis- 
patch sailed directly for Constantinople, 
where they arrived in September, 1857. 






Bui a aria. 131 

They were kindly received by the Board, and 
accompanied by Rev. Mr. Bliss, one of the 
Board, on a tour of observation in Bulgaria 
with a view to selecting an eligible central 
position for their mission. The result of 
their exploration was the selection of Varna 
and Shumla as mission stations. The first 
to be occupied by Brother Pretty man, and 
Shumla by Brother Long. The next intel- 
ligence chronicles the removal of Brother 
Long from Shumla to Tirnova, and that of 
Bro. Prettyman to Shumla, and the return of 
Rev. F. W. Flocken to Tultcha. The mis- 
sionary force had been increased by having 
Mr. Milanovick, native assistant at Shumla ; 
Gabriel, colporteur and assistant at Tirnova ; 
Ivan Ivanovich, native helper at Tultcha. 

"The Board was disappointed in not re- 
ceiving reports from missionaries in Bulga- 
ria for the year 1861, but the correspondence 
during the year, shows good progress in the 
mission, particularly in the acquisition of 
the language. The brethren at that time all 
preached readily in the Bulgarian tongue, 
and Brother Long had a hall fitted up for 
public service in Tirnova. Brother Pretty- 
man had also a hall in Shumla, and Brother 
Floaken his school premises in Tultcha. 

u JNText to the complete acquisition of the 
language, the raising up of native Bulgari- 
ans as assistants in the mission, was regarded 
as the most marked event of the year. And 
though the missionaries were disappointed 



132 Foreign Missions. 

in regard to the reinforcements they ex- 
pected, they were grateful for the aid of such 
efficient co-workers. 

'- The Rev. J. P. Newman paid the mis- 
sion a visit this yeai*, which was very highly 
appreciated." In the report for the succeed- 
ing year, the brethren regret to say that they 
have made but slight advancement, but still 
are not without encouragement, as evangel- 
ical truth was gaining position and influence 
with the people. 

In the report for 1866, we find that the 

arrangements of this mission as made and 

published a year before have not yet gone 

into full effect. 

v " Brother Wanless had taken up his res- 
idence at Rustchuck, and was engaged in 
studying the Bulgarian language. Brother 
Flocken, with Brother Long's approbation, 
remained in Tultcha to arrange the work for 
the next year, with a view of holding it as 
an out-station, to be supervised from Rust- 
chuck, which was expected to be the centre 
of our Bulgarian mission in Bulgaria. 

" During the last year a remarkable re- 
vival had taken place in Tultcha and vicinity 
among a religious sect of Russians called 
Lipovians. A small church composed of 
twenty-one members had been formed. God 
had raised up one of their number who it 
was thought would be an apostle to his own 
people, working under the supervision of the 
central mission at Rustchuck. 



Bulgaria. 133 

"Thus the main intent of instituting the 
mission to the Bulgarians will be kept 
steadily in view ; and at the same time the 
work that seems to be revealing itself among 
the Russian Lipovians, may spread into 
Southern Russia? by the preaching of native 
preachers, and under the general supervision 
of the mission at Rustchuck. 

"In the spring following. Brother Flocken 
expected to remove with his family to Rust- 
chuck, having made provision for the work 
in and around Tultcha, and with Brother 
Wanless, would form the entire mission in 
Bulgaria. 

" During the year it was expected that an 
additional missionary would join the mis- 
sion, and commence his work as directed by 
the General Superintendent. 

"The future of the mission was brighter 
and more promising ; not only because of 
the forming of a living church at Tultcha, 
but because of the firmer and livelier faith 
of the brethren who were engaged in the 
work.' f 

The report of 1871 states the recall of 
Brothers Flocken and Wanless, and ex- 
presses doubt as to the continuance of the 
mission. But the General Missionary Com- 
mittee advised that it be not abandoned, 
and made an appropriation to sustain it. 

"Dr. Long, superintendent of this mis- 
sion, is still resident in Constantinople, and 



134 Foreign Missions, 

is professor in Roberts College. This posi- 
tion detaches him from the usual work of a 
missionary, but at that central point, in ad- 
dition to his work in the department of edu- 
cation and christian literature, he is able to 
preach to the Bulgarians who visit the city, 
and to exert a christian influence over manv 
young men. The Bishop has returned Rev. 
F. W. Flocken to the scene of his former 
labors, and in company with Rev. Henry W. 
Buchtel and wife, he sailed on the 18th of 
February, 1873. 

"Dr. Long visited the mission out-posts 
early last summer, and made a thorough in- 
spection of the work among the Russian con- 
verts. He expressed the opinion that they 
suffered for want of more direct supervision 
exercised by one capable of speaking their 
language. Brother Flocken' s return meets 
the want. It was believed by the general 
Missionary Committee, that the times were 
more favorable for evangelistic efforts in 
Bulgaria, and that new doors were open to 
our brethren who had gone forth from 
among us." 

In the report for 1874, we find the Rev. F. 
W. Flocken, superintendent ; native assist- 
ants, Gabriel Elief, Demitry Petrof, Dimitry 
Marinof ; native helpers, Jordaky Zwetkof, 
Tador A. Mcoloff, Dimitry Mattief ; female 
helpers, Mrs. Clara Proca, Mrs. Magdelena 



Bulgaria. 135 

Elief. Four native young men are prepar- 
ing for work in the mission. Bulgaria is 
considered one of our most inviting fields, 
but from the beginning has been unfortu- 
nate. 

" When in 1872, the mission was re-organ- 
ized, it was the intention of the Board to 
prosecute the work vigorously, but circum- 
stances have so controlled the action of the 
Bishops, that Brother Flocken is yet alone. 
Despite the embarrassments of the treasury, 
it was thought that two young men must be 
sent him in the spring. 

" Several native Bulgarians are taking a 
Theological Course at Drew Seminary, and 
will, doubtless, at no distant day, enter the 
field. Brother Flocken will doubtless re- 
joice when he shall receive the help for which 
he so earnestly calls." 



136 Foreign Missions. 



|taly 



pOMMENCED IN 1 87 1 



There has probably never been a foreign 
mission established which encountered more 
opposition than this. fc ' When it was known 
that some of our missionaries had taken a 
room, and were about to commence preach- 
ing, there was general alarm. The priests 
and the faithful, by an address multitudi- 
nously signed, appealed to the mayor to 
forbid the Protestants and the erection of a 
'pulpit of pestilence.' The official en- 
deavored to prevent them by threats, but 
when it was seen that they were not to be 
intimidated by them, the Catholic populace 
threatened to mob the proprietor of the hall, 
to burn the house and preacher, and to club 
all adherents. " 



Italy. 137 

But the Superintendent, Eev. Leroy M. 
Vernon says : — 

" Fettered by our appropriation, we have 
been unable to extend the work into parts 
where opportunity and desire would have 
carried us. But in the stations already 
established our cause has become more 
firmly rooted, and in most cases encourag- 
ing progress has been made. Our mission 
has made its way to recognition as an insti- 
tution of the country, and has acquired 
a consideration and influence not to be 
despised." 

Though this mission has been in operation 
but four years, they have four ver}^ promis- 
ing students preparing for the ministry, and 
rendering what aid is practicable ; and two 
of their ministers were ordained during 
Bishop Harris' visit at Bologna. We give 
the statistics : — 

4 'The Gospel is now preached regularly 
every week in fourteen different places ; the 
working force consists of twelve Italian 
preachers, five of whom are ordained, four 
students, one colporteur, and the superin- 
tendent. The members and probationers 
aggregate about six hundred. These are 
13 



138 Foreign Missions. 

trophies of grace, sheaves of (rod's own 
gathering ; and by these first fruits, we 
are stimulated to look forward by faith to 
the day when the entire whitening field 
shall come bending to the sickles of eager 
reapers." 



Mexico. 139 



Mexico. 

PRGANIZED IN 1872. 



MISSIONARIES. 

Rev. Wm. Butler, Superintendent. 

Rev. Wm. Cooper, Rev. C. W. Drees, 

Rev. J. W. Butler, 

Aided by twelve native assistants and two 
missionaries of the Woman's Foreign Mis- 
sionary Society. 

In the language of the report, "this mis- 
sion is able to report at the end of another 
year a marked advance on the work accom- 
plished a year ago. Our missionaries are 
preaching the Gospel among a people num- 
bering over eight and a half millions, and 
occupying a territory of eight hundred and 
two thousand, four hundred and sixteen 
square miles. The language of the country 



140 Foreign Missions. 

is Spanish, its religion is Catholicism, and 
its education is ignorance." 

4 ' The centre of our mission has been fixed 
in the city of Mexico. In that city places 
for preaching have been opened at five sep- 
arate points. 

" Our missionaries there work unmolested 
under the protection of a liberal government 
and amid the general prevalence of religious 
freedom ; and during the past year the in- 
crease of the average attendance upon 
religious services in the city of Mexico 
alone, has been sixty per cent. 

" Under the auspices of the mission four 
day schools have been established, with an 
attendance of sixty-two boys and girls. 
There are also three Sabbath schools in 
which ninety-three pupils receive instruction 
in the Scriptures. We have twenty-three 
orphans, eleven of whom are boys, who are 
being trained for God and Mexico. It is 
hoped that from these may come some of 
those who shall form the native ministry." 

Dr. Butler adds : — 

" It is a noble commencement truly, for 
the first twenty months of labor and liberal- 
ity expended, and ought to intimate a 
glorious future. 



Mexico. 141 

"Our work in Mexico has met with such 
success, and attained such proportions, as 
to challenge the hearty support and con- 
fidence of the church." 



142 Foreign Missions. 



Japaj^ 



pOMMENCED IN 1872, 



R. S. Maelay, Superintendent. 

(Formerly of the China Mission.) 

' MISSIONARIES. 

Rev. John C. Davison, Rev. Julius Soper, 

Rev. Merriman C. Harris, Rev. Irvin H. Correll, 

ASSISTANT MISSIONARIES. 

Mrs. Lizzie S. Davison, Mrs. Henrietta C. Maclay, 

Mrs. Frank D. Soper, Flora B. Harris, 

Jennie L. Correll. 

MISSIONARIES OF WOMAN'S FOREIGN MIS- 
SIONARY SOCIETY. > 

Miss Dora Schoonmaker. 



Japan. 143 

APPOINTMENTS. 

Yokohama— R. S. Maclay, I. H. Correll. 

Yeddo — Julius Soper. 

Hakodati — M. C. Harris. 

Nagasaki, J. C. Davison. 

Woman's Work in Yeddo — Miss Dora Schoonmaker. 

Missionaries 5 

Assistant Missionaries 5 

Missionaries of W. F. M. Society 1 

Value of Mission property $4000 

Members in lull connection 2 

Probationers 6 

Total Agents of Miss. Society 11 

Adult Baptisms during year 2 

The beginnings of this work are certainly 
of a nature to fully satisfy the interest that 
has been manifested with reference to it. 

Readers will please bear in mind that this 
brings the accounts of the missions down to 
1874, and changes are constantly occurring. 

A mission was established in Oregon in 
1834, which was classed with the Foreign 
Missions in Dr. Strickland's "History of 
Missions/' but as it was numbered with the 
Domestic Missions some fifteen or twenty 
years after, we have not attempted any des- 
cription of it. 



144 Foreign Missions. 

A mission was also organized in Texas in 
1837, but was so soon classed with Domestic 
Missions, that we have made no mention of 
it. 



Conclusion. 145 



£oj\|CLU£IO^ 



Our church has been most fortunate in 
the selection of men to found her Foreign 
Missions. They have been men who could 
take in the situation at a glance, and ascer- 
tain where the labors and offerings of the 
church would be most effective for the suc- 
cess of the Gospel ; and with scarcely an 
exception have they been obliged to change 
their opinion, or their location. And the 
fact that in some instances they have been 
called the second time to the same office 
proves their entire adaptability to it. 

When editors of secular papers acknowl- 
edge the benefits that have accrued to the 
world and science through the labors of mis- 
sionaries, while at the same time they have 
lighted the fires on the altars of education 
of both mind and heart, they can but ac- 
knowledge that missions pay. 



146 Foreign Missions. 

But while according the meed of praise 
to our missionaries who have so long been 
laboring under the auspices of the Parent 
Missionary Society, we would not be un- 
mindful of what has been accomplished by 
the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society. 
Although as a society it has had so brief an 
existence, it has been endorsed and adopted 
by the General and Annual Conferences ; 
has called out the talent and executive abil- 
ity of many distinguished and highly edu- 
cated ladies which would otherwise have 
lain dormant ; has aroused so great a liberal- 
ity and enthusiasm that some of our devoted 
sisters have given by the thousand instead 
of hundred ; has established a paper which 
disseminates intelligence of our Foreign Mis- 
sionary work far and wide ; has sent out 
two of our representatives to South America, 
eight to China, eight to India, one to Japan, 
and two to Mexico, besides still others 
under recent appointment ; has contributed 
considerable towards the support of Bible 
Readers abroad, and conducted its financial 
affairs in such a way as to be enabled to 
liquidate all its debts, and be able to 
respond to new calls. 



Conclusion. 147 

It may be a satisfaction to many to know 
that our Foreign Missionaries have homes 
that are indeed home-like, with musical 
instruments, and labor-saving machinery (as 
sewing machines ;) have help sufficient to 
attend to their domestic affairs that their 
time may be employed to the best possible 
advantage ; have their Mountain Sanitar- 
iums to which they can resort to recuperate 
their wasting energies, which so soon suc- 
cumb to an intense solicitude for souls, over- 
taxation, study, and the enervating influ- 
ence of tropical climates, and at the expira- 
tion of ten years, or perhaps less, spend a 
year or two at home for rest and repre- 
sentation of their mission. In short, the 
work of a Foreign Missionary is so facilitated 
that the personal sacrifice is not to be com- 
pared with that of the time of their first 
establishment. 

Would that I could have given a brief 
sketch of the heroic women, who, in the 
earliest days of our Foreign Missionary 
work, crossed mountains on horse-back, 
when at almost every step their lives were 
threatened by hostile Indians ; endured the 
slow and tedious process of sailing vessels 



148 Foreign Missions. 

ere steam was applied to ocean navigation, 
and were obliged to double Cape Horn ere 
the Panama Railroad was constructed, to 
reach our Western missions, and double the 
Cape of G-ood Hop£ ere the Suez Canal was 
built, to reach our Eastern ones; left homes 
of comfort and luxury- for such shelters as 
could be extemporized until homes could be 
prepared for them, and exchanged culti- 
vated and refined society for that of the 
untutored heathen ; — but I have not the 
records before me, and leave it to other and 
abler pens. 

Those that have followed me through this 
review of our Foreign Missions will have 
seen that they were founded in faith, and 
nurtured by hope, and watered by tears, 
and sustained by prayers, until irreligious 
men of almost every nation have acknowl- 
edged their potency and invoked their aid, 
and can say with me — 

" Lord give us such a faith as this, 
And then what e'er may come, 
We'll taste e'en here the hallowed bliss 
Of our Eternal home." 

Then let us live and labor for heaven ; let 

earthly objects recede from our view, and 

heavenly objects brighten on our vision ; let 

us count no sacrifice too great to win some 

trophies to our Master's cause, — only let 

our spirits at last be glorified spirits, and 

our companions for eternity the ransomed 

of the Lord. 



irro 



